Forged Entire CNC Machined Francis Runner
Forging could considerably improve metal organizational structure and mechanical property. Â
Forging offers uniformity of composition and structure. Forging results in metallurgical recrystalisation and grain refinement as a result of the thermal cycle and deformation process. This strengthens the resulting steel product particularly in terms of impact and shear strength.
Forged steel is generally stronger and more reliable than castings of same material due to the fact that the grain flows of the steel are altered, conforming to the shape of the part.
Getai Hydropower is a China supplier of Francis Turbine, Francis Turbine Generator, Francis Turbine Parts, Francis Runner, Construction And Working Of Francis Turbine. We have a complete quality management system. Choose us, you can be get most careful and thoughtful service!
Forged Integrally +100% CNC Machining Francis Turbine Runner
1. GETAI has improved the manufacturing procedure of Francis turbine runner which suffered from the problems such as the cavitation and abrasion, welding seam cracks between crown, band and vanes, block worn off from vane etc. The whole Francis runner is forged integrally followed by entire CNC machining to eliminate tiny blowholes and slag inclusions existed on passage surface which accelerate cavitation and abrasion, and solve the potential risk existed by unreleased stress left after welding. The Francis turbine runner service life prolonged consequently.
In the case the high head Francis runner with long and narrow passageway which is hard for entire CNC machining or the runner size exceeds the forging range which can not be forged integrally, GETAI applied a procedure by dividing the runner to two parts which consisted of crown with half vanes and band with rest half, both two parts can be forged integrally with entire CNC machining and welding assembled in final. The welding applied to the middle of vane, where is convenient for single pass welding without touch of potential crack area, the operation security and service life are improved largely.
Samples exhibited below is for forged integrally+100% CNC machined Francis turbine runner (half part) which finished by our five axis linkage CNC machine.
Getai Hydropower is Pelton Turbine Experiment, Francis Turbine Diagram, Francis Turbine Working, Pelton Turbine For Sale factoty.
Francis Turbine Generator
Francis turbines are built in a compact structure, with high efficiency, and can be applied to a wide range of water heads. This feature makes the Francis turbine type a widely used one around the world. The key Francis turbine components includes Runner, Distributor, Main shaft, Main shaft seal, Turbine guide bearing, Governor, among other.
Application Scope:
Application: Francis Water Turbine Generator Unit
Water head: 20 ~ 700m
Output: 0.01 ~ 1000MW
Frequency: 50/60HZ
Runner diameter: 0.5 ~ 10m
Life Span 30-50 years
Getai Hydropower is a China supplier of Francis Turbine, Francis Turbine Generator, Francis Turbine Parts, Francis Runner, Construction And Working Of Francis Turbine, Francis Turbine Design.
Product Introduction
1. Advanced CFD, FEA technic is utilized in the designing process to ensure better technical solution.
2. CAE casting simulation is adopted for the produciton of casting parts, this advanced and reliable process plan could help effectively improve product quality.
3. All raw material strictly conform to international standard, key component such as runners, guide vane is Forged and entire CNC machined.
4. State of the art machining and testing equipment, as well as licensed professional engineers all combined to help guarantee better product precisioness.
5. All product is subject to strict inspection according to international standards and client special requirements
6. With the help of 3D Assembling, through motion simulation, the entire organization interaction can be seen at a glance. This helped a great deal for parts processing and pre-installation.
7. Each project will strictly follow manufacturying plan to ensure the delivery date.
8. ISO 9001 Quality Management system is carried out to ensure better management control
Buy low price, high quality Hydraulic Turbine Generator, Hydro Turbine Runner, Water Turbine Hydro Power, 100kw Hydro Turbines, choose our productsGetai Hydropower is the leading factory & Company, Warmly welcome new and old customers to visit and patronize!
This project is located in a national park in Kinshasa, the capital city of Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is an international electromechanical & hydropower general contracting project of Getai Hydropower as a hydropower equipment supplier. The scope of equipment supply includes: hydro-turbine, generator, excitation device, governor, water supply and drainage system, automatic control system, high and low-voltage systems, etc. Getai Hydropower chooses the supervision system to strictly control the product quality, other than hydraulic turbine, provided by its subcontractors to ensure the overall product quality. The advanced optimization design method is adopted in the hydraulic and structural designs of the turbine units. The core component of the turbine, namely: the runner is designed by CFD Analysis, which improves the specific speed of the turbine, reduces the dimensions of turbine units, improves their speed, and realizes the direct connection between turbine and generator. Therefore, that solves the difficulty of how to install the low water head Kaplan turbine units without speed increaser, simplifies the structural design of the units, improves the reliability and stability of the unit operation, and reduces the period and costs for unit maintenance.
Our company works as the general contractor for electromechanical equipment. We are responsible to provide the hydro-turbine and generator products, including: Kaplan turbine runners, distributors, shafts, elbow pipes, bearings, inlet pipes, runner chambers, etc. for turbine, and rotor, stator, governors, excitation devices and relevant accessories for generators. The main parameters are listed below:
Turbine: Generator:
Rated head: 4m Rated voltage: 400V
Rated output: 1052Kw Rated flow: 29.8 m3 /s
Rated efficiency: 94% Frequency: 50Hz
Rated speed: 150 r / min Rated Power: 1000KW
Pelton Turbine Generator
Pelton turbine is suitable for medium and high water head power plants. The key components are: Pelton runner, main shaft and Nozzle assembly.
Application Scope: Alcance de aplicaci�³n:
Water Head:� 100 ~ 1700m
Output:� 0.1� ~ 300MW
Frequency:� 50/60HZ
Runner Diameter:� 0.5 ~ 3m
Lift Span 30-50 years
1.Advanced CFD, FEA technic is utilized in the designing process to ensure better technical solution.
Getai Hydropower is one of the leading Pelton Turbine manufacturers. Our Pelton Turbine Generator, Pelton Turbine Efficiency, Pelton Runner has high quality and competitive price, and you can see the Application Of Pelton Turbine.
CFD analysis for Pelton turbine is performed in order to predict the turbine performance. The head loss in the collecting pipe and injector assembly is calculated based on CFD analysis results.
The relation of needle stroke and flow also can be calculated. CFD� analysis can improve injector� and nozzle design to reduce head los. The flow curve relative to needle stroke can be drawn based on analytical data.
CFD analysis can simulate the whole procedure which flow coming into and outgoing from bucket. The flow visualization can clearly show whether water flow outgoing from bucket pressure side hit the bucket back side. Such flow situation will cause more hydraulic loss and should be avoid during runner bucket optimum design process. The torque generated by runner and pressure distribution in the bucket can be calculated based on CFD analysis results. Turbine output and efficiency is finally predicted for various operating points
The possible location of cavitation can be predicted based on the pressure distribution in the bucket. The phenomena of cavitation should be avoided in the back tip of splitter by optimum design for back shape of splitter
Shenyang Getai Hydropower Equipment Co.,Ltd main products: Pelton Turbine, Francis Turbine, Kaplan Turbine, Tubular Turbine, Pelton Turbine Generator, Francis Turbine Generator, Double Francis Turbine, Pelton Turbine Formula, welcome to our factory!
Francis turbine
Francis turbines are built in a compact structure, with high efficiency, and can be applied to a wide range of water heads. This feature makes the Francis turbine type a widely used one around the world. The key Francis turbine components includes Runner, Distributor, Main shaft, Main shaft seal, Turbine guide bearing, Governor, among other.
Application Scope:
Application: Francis Water Turbine Generator Unit
Water head:Â 20 ~ 700m
Output: 0.01Â ~ 1000MW
Frequency: 50/60HZ
Runner diameter 0.5 ~ 10m
Life Span 30-50 years
Getai Hydropower is a China supplier of Francis Turbine, Francis Turbine Generator, Francis Turbine Parts, Francis Runner, Construction And Working Of Francis Turbine. We have a complete quality management system. Choose us, you can be get most careful and thoughtful service!
Pelton Turbine Design, Francis Turbine Design, Kaplan Turbine Design company China.
Product Introduction
1. Advanced CFD, FEA technic is utilized in the designing process to ensure better technical solution.
2. CAE casting simulation is adopted for the produciton of casting parts, this advanced and reliable process plan could help effectively improve product quality.
3. All raw material strictly conform to international standard, key component such as runners, guide vane is Forged and entire CNC machined.
Material No. C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo
ASTM A473 S41500 â?¤0.05 â?¤0.60 0.5-1.0 â?¤0.030 â?¤0.030 11.5-14.0 3.5-5.5 0.40-0.80
ASTM A743 CA6NM â?¤0.06 Max1.0 Max1.0 â?¤0.040 â?¤0.030 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 0.40-1.0
 Mechanical Property for ASTM A473 S41500 and ASTM A743 CA6NM
Material No. Ï?0.2(Mpa) Ï?b(Mpa) δ5(%) Ï?(%) Akv (J/cm2) HB
ASTM A473 S41500 â?¥620 â?¥795 â?¥15 â?¥45 â?¥50 â?¤295
ASTM A743 CA6NM â?¥550 â?¥755 â?¥15 â?¥35 â?¥50 â?¤285
4. State of the art machining and testing equipment, as well as licensed professional engineers all combined to help guarantee better product precisioness.
5. All product is subject to strict inspection according to international standards and client special requirements
6. With the help of 3D Assembling, through motion simulation, the entire organization interaction can be seen at a glance. This helped a great deal for parts processing and pre-installation.
Pelton Turbine Rehabilitation, Kaplan Turbine Rehabilitation, Francis Turbine Rehabilitation China.
Forged Entire CNC Machined Pelton Runner
Forging could considerably improve metal's organizational structure and mechanical property.
Forging offers uniformity of composition and structure. Forging results in metallurgical recrystalisation and grain refinement as a result of the thermal cycle and deformation process. This strengthens the resulting steel product particularly in terms of impact and shear strength.Forged steel is generally stronger and more reliable than castings part.
Project Basic Information
Project Name: Minas-San Francisco HPP
Project Location: Ecuador
Pelton runner pitch diameter: 2460mm.
OD: 3179mm
Net Weight: 13300KG
Buckent No. 21
Output: 91.6MW
Product Introduction
1. Brief introduction for Forged Integrally +100% CNC Machined Pelton Turbine Runner
Forging could considerably improve metals organizational structure and mechanical property.
Forging offers uniformity of composition and structure. Forging results in metallurgical recrystalisation and grain refinement as a result of the thermal cycle and deformation process. This strengthens the resulting steel product particularly in terms of impact and shear strength.
Forged steel is generally stronger and more reliable than castings of same material due to the fact that the grain flows of the steel are altered, conforming to the shape of the part.
Getai Hydropower is Pelton Turbine Experiment, Francis Turbine Diagram, Francis Turbine Working, Pelton Turbine For Sale factoty.
Performance comparison table of forging parts and casting parts
Performance test of forging part
Mechanical Property bMpa 0.2Mpa �5% % AKVJ/cm� HB
Standard value 795 620 15 45 50 230295
Actual value Horizontal 815 655 17.5 64.5 107 102 110 259 256 253
Vertical 820 660 18.5 67 149 152 136 256 257 257
Performance test of casting part
Mechanical Property bMpa 0.2Mpa �´5% % AKVJ/cm� HB
Standard value 750 550 15 35 50 221286
Actual value 770 610 17 50 84 88 85 252 255 254
2. Machining vedio for the Forged entire CNC machined Pelton runner.
3. ISO 9001 Quality Management system is carried out to ensure better management control
4. Advanced CFD, FEA technic is utilized in the designing process to ensure better technical solution.
5. CAE casting simulation is adopted for the produciton of casting parts, this advanced and reliable process plan could help effectively improve product quality.
6. All raw material strictly conform to international standard, key component such as runners, guide vane is Forged and entire CNC machined
Forged Entire CNC Machined Francis Runner
Forging could considerably improve metals organizational structure and mechanical property.
Forging offers uniformity of composition and structure. Forging results in metallurgical recrystalisation and grain refinement as a result of the thermal cycle and deformation process. This strengthens the resulting steel product particularly in terms of impact and shear strength.
Forged steel is generally stronger and more reliable than castings of same material due to the fact that the grain flows of the steel are altered, conforming to the shape of the part.
Getai Hydropower is a China supplier of Francis Turbine, Francis Turbine Generator, Francis Turbine Parts, Francis Runner, Construction And Working Of Francis Turbine. We have a complete quality management system. Choose us, you can be get most careful and thoughtful service!
Forged Integrally +100% CNC Machining Francis Turbine Runner
1. GETAI has improved the manufacturing procedure of Francis turbine runner which suffered from the problems such as the cavitation and abrasion, welding seam cracks between crown, band and vanes, block worn off from vane etc. The whole Francis runner is forged integrally followed by entire CNC machining to eliminate tiny blowholes and slag inclusions existed on passage surface which accelerate cavitation and abrasion, and solve the potential risk existed by unreleased stress left after welding. The Francis turbine runner service life prolonged consequently.
In the case the high head Francis runner with long and narrow passageway which is hard for entire CNC machining or the runner size exceeds the forging range which can not be forged integrally, GETAI applied a procedure by dividing the runner to two parts which consisted of crown with half vanes and band with rest half, both two parts can be forged integrally with entire CNC machining and welding assembled in final. The welding applied to the middle of vane, where is convenient for single pass welding without touch of potential crack area, the operation security and service life are improved largely.
Samples exhibited below is for forged integrally+100% CNC machined Francis turbine runner (half part) which finished by our five axis linkage CNC machine.
The key Double Francis turbine components includes Runner, Distributor, Main shaft, Main shaft seal, Turbine guide bearing, Governor, among other.
Application Scope:
Water Head:
Output:
Frequency: 50/60HZ
Runner Diameter:
Lift Span 30-50 years
Getai Hydropower is a China supplier of Francis Turbine, Francis Turbine Generator, Francis Turbine Parts, Francis Runner, Construction And Working Of Francis Turbine.
Product Introduction
1. Advanced CFD, FEA technic is utilized in the designing process to ensure better technical solution.
2. CAE casting simulation is adopted for the produciton of casting parts, this advanced and reliable process plan could help effectively improve product quality.
3. All raw material strictly conform to international standard, such as ASTM, IEC,ISO etc. key component such as runners, guide vane is Forged and entire CNC machined.
Chemical Composition for ASTM A473 S41500 and ASTM A743 CA6NM%
Material No. C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo
ASTM A473 S41500 0.05 0.60 0.5-1.0 0.030 0.030 11.5-14.0 3.5-5.5 0.40-0.80
ASTM A743 CA6NM 0.06 Max1.0 Max1.0 0.040 0.030 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 0.40-1.0
Mechanical Property for ASTM A473 S41500 and ASTM A743 CA6NM
Material No. 0.2(Mpa) b(Mpa) 5(%) (%) Akv (J/cm2) HB
ASTM A473 S41500 620 795 15 45 50 295
ASTM A743 CA6NM 550 755 15 35 50 285
We also provide Casting Pelton Runner, Forged Pelton Runner, Casting Guide Vane, Francis Runner Band Heat Treatment, Pelton Turbine.
4. State of the art machining and testing equipment, as well as licensed professional engineers all combined to help guarantee better product precisioness.
5. All product is subject to strict inspection according to international standards and client special requirements.
6. With the help of 3D Assembling, through motion simulation, the entire organization interaction can be seen at a glance. This helped a great deal for parts processing and pre-installation.
7. Each project will strictly follow manufacturying plan to ensure the delivery date.
8. ISO 9001 Quality Management system is carried out to ensure better management control
Kaplan Turbine is suitable for medium & low water head and large flow power plants. With same water head, the Kaplan runner speed is higher than that of the Francis'. The Kaplan runner blade can be either fixed and rotatory. The key components include: Kaplan runner, Distributor, Main shaft, Main shaft seal, Turbine guide bearing, Governor, Draft tube, Spiral case.
Tubular Turbines are suitable to lower water head, is a kind of horizontal turbine with straight flow channel. There is no spiral case in Tubular turbine, and its blades can be fixed or rotatory. The key components include: Tubular runner, Distributor, Turbine guide bearing, Governor among other.
Our Kaplan &Tubular Turbine has the features with Kaplan Turbine Design, Kaplan Turbine Advantages. Best quality and factory price will give you
Application scope:
Kaplan turbine Tubular Turbine
Water Head: 3 ~ 80m 2 ~ 25m
Output: 0.1 ~ 200MW 0.05 ~ 57MW
Frequency: 50/60HZ 50/60HZ
Runner Dia.: 1 ~ 11m 1 ~ 7m
We also provide Casting Pelton Runner, Forged Pelton Runner, Casting Guide Vane, Francis Runner Band Heat Treatment, Pelton Turbine.
Product Introduction
1. Advanced CFD, FEA technic is utilized in the designing process to ensure better technical solution
2. CAE casting simulation is adopted for the produciton of casting parts, this advanced and reliable process plan could help effectively improve product quality.
3. All raw material strictly conform to international standard, such as ASTM, IEC,ISO etc. key component such as runners, guide vane is Forged and entire CNC machined.
Chemical Composition for ASTM A473 S41500 and ASTM A743 CA6NM%
Material No. C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo
ASTM A473 S41500 0.05 0.60 0.5-1.0 0.030 0.030 11.5-14.0 3.5-5.5 0.40-0.80
ASTM A743 CA6NM 0.06 Max1.0 Max1.0 0.040 0.030 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 0.40-1.0
Mechanical Property for ASTM A473 S41500 and ASTM A743 CA6NM
Material No. ?0.2(Mpa) (Mpa) �5(%) ?(%) Akv (J/cm2) HB
ASTM A473 S41500 620 795 15 45 50 295
ASTM A743 CA6NM 550 755 15 35 50 285
6.With the help of 3D Assembling, through motion simulation, the entire organization interaction can be seen at a glance. This helped a great deal for parts processing and pre-installation.
7.Each project will strictly follow manufacturying plan to ensure the delivery date.
8.ISO 9001 Quality Management system is carried out to ensure better management control
Buy low price, high quality Hydraulic Turbine Generator, Hydro Turbine Runner, Water Turbine Hydro Power, 100kw Hydro Turbines, choose our productsGetai Hydropower is the leading factory & Company, Warmly welcome new and old customers to visit and patronize!
Kaplan & Tubular Turbine
Kaplan Turbine is suitable for medium & low water head and large flow power plants. With same water head, the Kaplan runner speed is higher than that of the Francis'. The Kaplan runner blade can be either fixed and rotatory. The key components include: Kaplan runner, Distributor, Main shaft, Main shaft seal, Turbine guide bearing, Governor, Draft tube, Spiral case.
Tubular Turbines are suitable to lower water head, is a kind of horizontal turbine with straight flow channel. There is no spiral case in Tubular turbine, and its blades can be fixed or rotatory. The key components include: Tubular runner, Distributor, Turbine guide bearing, Governor among other.
Our Kaplan &Tubular Turbine has the features with Kaplan Turbine Design, Kaplan Turbine Advantages. Best quality and factory price will give you
Application scope:
Kaplan turbine Tubular Turbine
Water Head: 3 ~ 80m 2 ~ 25m
Output: 0.1 ~ 200MW 0.05 ~ 57MW
Frequency: 50/60HZ 50/60HZ
Runner Dia.: 1 ~ 11m 1 ~ 7m
We also provide Casting Pelton Runner, Forged Pelton Runner, Casting Guide Vane, Francis Runner Band Heat Treatment, Pelton Turbine.
Product Introduction
1. Advanced CFD, FEA technic is utilized in the designing process to ensure better technical solution
2 Â CAE casting simulation is adopted for the produciton of casting parts, this advanced and reliable process plan could help effectively improve product quality.
Pelton Turbine
Pelton turbine is suitable for medium and high water head power plants. The key components are: Pelton runner, main shaft and Nozzle assembly.
Application Scope: Alcance de aplicación:
Water Head: 100 ~ 1700m
Output: 0.1 ~ 300MW
Frequency: Frecuencia: 50/60HZ
Runner Diameter: 0.5 ~ 3m
1.Advanced CFD, FEA technic is utilized in the designing process to ensure better technical solution.
Getai Hydropower is one of the leading Pelton Turbine manufacturers. Our Pelton Turbine Generator, Pelton Turbine Efficiency, Pelton Runner has high quality and competitive price, and you can see the Application Of Pelton Turbine.
CFD analysis for Pelton turbine is performed in order to predict the turbine performance. The head loss in the collecting pipe and injector assembly is calculated based on CFD analysis results.
The relation of needle stroke and flow also can be calculated. CFD analysis can improve injector and nozzle design to reduce head los. The flow curve relative to needle stroke can be drawn based on analytical data.
CFD analysis can simulate the whole procedure which flow coming into and outgoing from bucket. The flow visualization can clearly show whether water flow outgoing from bucket pressure side hit the bucket back side. Such flow situation will cause more hydraulic loss and should be avoid during runner bucket optimum design process. The torque generated by runner and pressure distribution in the bucket can be calculated based on CFD analysis results. Turbine output and efficiency is finally predicted for various operating points.
Fig.8 Flow inside bucket
Shenyang Getai Hydropower Equipment Co.,Ltd main products: Pelton Turbine, Francis Turbine, Kaplan Turbine, Tubular Turbine, Pelton Turbine Generator, Francis Turbine Generator, Double Francis Turbine, Pelton Turbine Formula, welcome to our factory!
The possible location of cavitation can be predicted based on the pressure distribution in the bucket. The phenomena of cavitation should be avoided in the back tip of splitter by optimum design for back shape of splitter.
3. All raw material strictly conform to international standard, key component such as runners, guide vane is Forged and entire CNC machined.
Chemical Composition for ASTM A473 S41500 and ASTM A743 CA6NM%
Material No. C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo
ASTM A473 S41500 0.05 0.60 0.5-1.0 0.030 0.030 11.5-14.0 3.5-5.5 0.40-0.80
ASTM A743 CA6NM 0.06 Max1.0 Max1.0 0.040 0.030 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 0.40-1.0
Mechanical Property for ASTM A473 S41500 and ASTM A743 CA6NM
Material No. 0.2(Mpa) b(Mpa) δ5(%) (%) Akv (J/cm2) HB
ASTM A473 S41500 620 795 15 45 50 295
ASTM A743 CA6NM 550 755 15 35 50 285
4. State of the art machining and testing equipment, as well as licensed professional engineers all combined to help guarantee better product precisioness.
5. All product is subject to strict inspection according to international standards and client special requirements.
Francis turbine
Francis turbines are built in a compact structure, with high efficiency, and can be applied to a wide range of water heads. This feature makes the Francis turbine type a widely used one around the world. The key Francis turbine components includes Runner, Distributor, Main shaft, Main shaft seal, Turbine guide bearing, Governor, among other.
Application Scope:
Application: Francis Water Turbine Generator Unit
Water head: 20 ~ 700m
Output: 0.01 ~ 1000MW
Frequency: 50/60HZ
Runner diameter 0.5 ~ 10m
Life Span 30-50 years
Getai Hydropower is a China supplier of Francis Turbine, Francis Turbine Generator, Francis Turbine Parts, Francis Runner, Construction And Working Of Francis Turbine. We have a complete quality management system. Choose us, you can be get most careful and thoughtful service!
Pelton Turbine Design, Francis Turbine Design, Kaplan Turbine Design company China.
Product Introduction
1. Advanced CFD, FEA technic is utilized in the designing process to ensure better technical solution.
2. CAE casting simulation is adopted for the produciton of casting parts, this advanced and reliable process plan could help effectively improve product quality.
3. All raw material strictly conform to international standard, key component such as runners, guide vane is Forged and entire CNC machined.
Chemical Composition for ASTM A473 S41500 and ASTM A743 CA6NM%
Material No. C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo
ASTM A473 S41500 0.05 0.60 0.5-1.0 0.030 0.030 11.5-14.0 3.5-5.5 0.40-0.80
ASTM A743 CA6NM 0.06 Max1.0 Max1.0 0.040 0.030 11.5-14.0 3.5-4.5 0.40-1.0
Mechanical Property for ASTM A473 S41500 and ASTM A743 CA6NM
Material No. 0.2(Mpa) b(Mpa) ´5(%) (%) Akv (J/cm2) HB
ASTM A473 S41500 620 795 15 45 50 295
ASTM A743 CA6NM 550 755 15 35 50 285
4. State of the art machining and testing equipment, as well as licensed professional engineers all combined to help guarantee better product precisioness.
5. All product is subject to strict inspection according to international standards and client special requirements
6. With the help of 3D Assembling, through motion simulation, the entire organization interaction can be seen at a glance. This helped a great deal for parts processing and pre-installation.
Pelton Turbine Rehabilitation, Kaplan Turbine Rehabilitation, Francis Turbine Rehabilitation China.