In many biological experiments, buffers are needed to maintain an effective pH value, and buffers are critical to the success or failure of the experiment.
When choosing a buffer, first consider that the pH value in the experiment is consistent with the pH value range of the buffer, and consider whether the advantages and disadvantages of different buffers are suitable for your experiment. There are many types of biological buffers. In this article, we mainly discuss the preparation methods of several commonly used biological buffers.
Prepare TRIS base and TRIS-HCL buffer
Tris: To prepare 1 liter of 1M Tris buffer, first prepare to dissolve 121.14 grams of Tris powder in 750 mL of dH20, adjust to the desired pH value with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and fill to the final volume of 1L with dH2O.
Tris HCl: To prepare 1 liter of 1M Tris HCl buffer, first dissolve 157.60 g of Tris-HCl in 750 mL of dH2O, adjust to the desired pH with 10N sodium hydroxide, and fill with dH2O to a final volume of 1L.
Prepare HEPES buffer
To prepare 1 liter of 1M HEPES buffer solution, first dissolve 238.3 grams of HEPES powder in 750 mL of dH2O, adjust to the desired pH with 10N sodium hydroxide, fill with dH2O to a final volume of 1L, and pass through a filter or autoclave The device is disinfected. Store the buffer at 4C.
Prepare PIPES buffer
To prepare 1 liter of 1M PIPES free acid buffer solution, first add 302.37 g of PIPES free acid to 600 mL of dH2O, adjust to the desired pH with 10N sodium hydroxide, and fill to the final volume of 1L with dH2O.
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Applications: In Animal feed stuff Nutrition feed for Poultry, Layers, Cattle. Primarily used as a dairy cow feed supplement, the buffering capability of Natural Soda's pure and natural feed grade sodium bicarbonate helps stabilize rumen pH by reducing acidic conditions. Improves calcium absorption and eggshell quality of laying hens during peak production.
Applications: Food ingredients for bakery, beverage, confectionery industry It is used as a raising agent in biscuits, cookies, bread, cakes, farsan, jaggery & confectionery. It acts like a buffer and carbonation agent in beverages, electrolyte and rehydration solutions.
The primary use of Ammonium Sulphate is as a fertilizer for alkaline soils. In the soil the ammonium ion is released and forms a small amount of acid, lowering the pH balance of the soil, while contributing essential nitrogen for plant growth. The main disadvantage to the use of Ammonium Sulphate is its low nitrogen content relative to Ammonium Nitrate, which elevates transportation costs. It is also used as an agricultural spray adjuvant for water soluble insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. There it functions to bind iron and calcium cations that are present in both well water and plant cells. It is particularly effective as an adjuvant for 2,4-D (amine), glyphosate and glufosinate herbicides.
2-Naphthol Basic information Chemical Properties Application Preparation Product Name: 2-Naphthol Synonyms: c.i.37500;c.i.azoiccouplingcomponent1;c.i.developer5;Developer A;Developer AMS;Developer BN;developera;developerams CAS: 135-19-3 MF: C10H8O MW: 144.17 EINECS: 205-182-7 Product Categories: Fluorescent;Naphthalene;pigments;alcohol;MICROCIDIN;Color Former & Related Compounds;Developer;Functional Materials;Intermediates;Aromatic Compounds;Alphabetical;Bioactive Small Molecules;Biochemicals and Reagents;Building Blocks;C9 to C20+;Cell Biology;Chemical Synthesis;Fluorescent Indicators and Probes;Fluorescent Probes;Labels;N;Organic Building Blocks;Oxygen Compounds;Particles and Stains;pH Sensitive Probes and Indicators;Phenols;Dyestuff Intermediates;Aromatics Mol File: 135-19-3.mol 2-Naphthol Chemical Properties Melting point 120-122 C(lit.) Boiling point 285-286 C(lit.) density 1,28 g/cm3 vapor density 4.97 (vs air) vapor pressure 10 mm Hg ( 145.5 C) refractive index 1.5762 (estimate) Fp 153 C storage temp. Refrigerator solubility methanol: soluble1g/10 mL, clear, colorless to light yellow pka 9.51(at 25C) form Powder, Crystals or Granules color White PH Range Non& uorescence (8.5) to blue & uorescence (9.5) Water Solubility 1 g/L (20 C) �»max 226nm, 265nm, 275nm, 286nm, 320nm, 331nm Merck 14,6384 BRN 742134 Stability: Stable. Combustible. Dust may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, phenol. Major Application Display device, semiconductors, photoimaging materials, inks, toner, chalk, security paper, molding materials, tin plating method, rubber, adhesive, leather, detergent, hair dyes, antimitotic drug, anticancer agent, antiinflammatory agent, treatment of acne vulgaris (pimples) and other dermal ailments (rashes, scratches, blemishes, hair loss), disorders InChIKey JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CAS DataBase Reference 135-19-3(CAS DataBase Reference) NIST Chemistry Reference 2-Naphthalenol(135-19-3) EPA Substance Registry System 2-Naphthalenol (135-19-3) Safety Information Hazard Codes Xn,N Risk Statements 20/22-50 Safety Statements 24/25-61 RIDADR UN 3077 9/PG 3 WGK Germany 2 RTECS QL2975000 F 8 Autoignition Temperature 430 C TSCA Yes HazardClass 9 PackingGroup III HS Code 29071590 Hazardous Substances Data 135-19-3(Hazardous Substances Data) Toxicity LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1960 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 10000 mg/kg 2-Naphthol Usage And Synthesis 2-Naphthol Preparation Products And Raw materials
Commodity: Sodium Hydrosulfite Other name: Synonyms: Sodium Hydrosulphite; Sodium Dithionite; Dithionous acid, Disodium salt; Sodium Sulfoxylate CAS No.: 7775-14-6 Molecular Weight: 174.10 Chemical Formula: Na2S2O4 Product Description Appearance: White, crystalline powder. Product Feature Odor: Slight irritative. Specific Gravity: Unavailable Solubility: Soluble in water. Density: 2.19 pH: 6-7 pH Test-Method: PH test paper. % Volatiles by volume @ 21C (70F): 0 Boiling Point: Not applicable. Melting Point: >300 C Decomposes. Vapor Pressure (mm Hg): No information found. Bulk Density: ~0.9 Evaporation Rate (BuAc=1): No information found. Application 1. Widely used in textile industry for vat dyeing, reduction cleaning, printing and stripping, textile textile bleaching . 2. bleaching paper pulps , especially mechanical pulps, its the most fittable bleaching agent in pulps. 3. bleaching kaolin clay, fur bleaching and reductive whitening, bleaching of bamboo products and straw products, 4. in mineral, the compound of thiourea and other sulphides. 5. as reducing agent in chemical industry. 6. Sodium hydrosulfite food additive grade is used in foodstuffs, as bleaching agent and preservative dried fruits, dried vegetable, vermicelli, glucose, sugar, rock sugar, caramel, candy, liquid glucose, bamboo shoots, mushrooms and canned mushrooms. Packaging 50kg/100kg net in iron drums with double PVC bags Product Specification/Models NDEX 90%, 88%, 85%. FOOD ADDITIVE Na2S2O4, 90%, 88%, 85%, Fe 20ppm ZincZnOther heavy metal calculated as Pb, 1ppm Water Insolubles05% Shelf Life(month)12
Formula:KAl(SO4)2 12H2O Relative Molecular Weight:474.39 CAS NO,: 7784-24-9 EINECS No.:5637-689-7 HS CODE.: 2833301000 Appearance: lump, white crystal, white powder Properties:Colorless, transparent, particle or crystalline powder, odorless, nontoxic, tastes slightly sweet and puckery, astringent, easily soluble in water, its water solution appears acid,is would lose crystal water and become white powder on heating Usage; Food industry: Buffering agents and leavening agents in food-grade products. Chemical Industry: Water Flocculant, aluminum tanning agents and after-treating agents for leather tanning in the leather industry, dyeing agents,Astringents,mordants etc. Items Specifications Potassium aluminum sulfate [AlK(SO4)2.12H2O] % 99.5 Plumbum(Pb) mg/kg 5.0 Arsenic (As) mg/kg 2.0 Fluorine (F) mg/kg 30.0 Selenium (Se) mg/kg 30.0 Moisture % 4.0
Inspection item Appearance White Granular Available chlorine Wt. % 60%MIN PH value (1% water solution) 5.5-7.0 Moisture (%) 5%MAX Granularity (mesh) 20-60mesh
Item Index Appearance White Granule/Prills Content 92%-98% Acidity(Formic acid) 0.03% Methanol Content 1% pH 3.0-7.0 Iron Content 0.0002% Ash 0.05%
Assay 99.0%min PH Value 5-7 Heavy Metal 0.001%max Calcium Oxide 23.4%min Nitrogen 11.76%min Sulphates 0.03%max Chloride 0.005%max Water Insolubles 0.01%max Iron 0.003%max
