Lipoamide dehydrogenase (or diaphorase) catalyzes the following reaction: Lipoamide + NADH + H+ Dihydrolipoamide + NAD+. The enzyme occurs in mammalian and microbial cells and it catalyzes a number of reactions which involve NAD+ or NADH. Lipoamide dehydrogenase from porcine heart contains two polypeptide chains which are similar. It has two molecules of tightly bound flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). The molecular weight of the porcine heart enzyme is between 100,000 and 114,000.
This enzyme is a membrane protein and goes through an intermediate stage during the reaction where it is autophosphorylated with a phosphate group covalently linked to a basic amino acyl residue through an n-p bond.
Sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, hypochlorite, zircon sand and zirconium hydroxide and zircon end products, ammonium nitrate.
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The use of fertilizer, which delivers the minerals required by plants, maintains the physical and chemical structure of the soil, and allows plants to be fed more easily from the soil, is of great importance in terms of ensuring agricultural continuity.
Chemical Property: Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) is a compound with the chemical formula Ca(NO3)2�·NH4NO3�·10H2O. It is a complex fertilizer that contains calcium, ammonium, and nitrate ions. The formula indicates the presence of calcium ions (Ca2+), ammonium ions (NH4+), nitrate ions (NO3^-), and water molecules (H2O) in the crystal structure. CAN is typically found as white granules or prills and is water-soluble. Application in Fertilizer: Calcium Ammonium Nitrate is widely used in agriculture as a fertilizer and has several applications: Nitrogen Source: CAN is a nitrogen fertilizer that provides a balanced supply of both ammonium and nitrate nitrogen. The ammonium component releases nitrogen gradually, while the nitrate component is more quickly available for plant uptake. Calcium Supply: CAN also supplies calcium, an essential secondary nutrient for plants. Calcium is important for cell wall structure, root development, and overall plant growth. Balanced Nutrition: The combination of nitrogen and calcium in CAN provides balanced nutrition for plants, supporting their growth, yield, and overall health. Root Development: Calcium supports healthy root development, which in turn improves nutrient and water uptake by plants. Nitrate-Nitrogen Uptake: The nitrate component in CAN helps promote efficient nitrogen uptake by plants, particularly during periods of active growth. Acidic Soil Amendment: CAN's ammonium content can contribute to lowering soil pH, making it useful for crops that prefer slightly acidic soil conditions. Fruit and Vegetable Production: CAN is often used for crops such as fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals that require a balanced nutrient profile to achieve optimum growth and quality. Field and Horticultural Crops: CAN is suitable for both field crops (such as grains and oilseeds) and horticultural crops (such as fruits, vegetables, and flowers). Environmental Considerations: The balanced nitrogen release in CAN can help mitigate nitrogen loss through leaching and volatilization compared to some other nitrogen fertilizers. Fertilizer Blends: CAN can be blended with other fertilizers to create custom formulations that suit specific crop and soil nutrient requirements. It's important to use Calcium Ammonium Nitrate according to recommended guidelines to avoid overuse and potential nutrient imbalances. Soil testing and understanding specific crop needs can help determine appropriate application rates for optimal results while minimizing environmental impacts.
The use of fertilizer, which delivers the minerals required by plants, maintains the physical and chemical structure of the soil, and allows plants to be fed more easily from the soil, is of great importance in terms of ensuring agricultural continuity.
Normal superphosphate or single superphosphate (NSP, SSP) is used solely as a fertilizer material. NSP can be used with most crops and is applied during the planting season. NSP is a solid phosphate fertilizer material that is produced from phosphate rock and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
MAP (12-61-0) is a water soluble fertilizer. Its chemical formula is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4H2PO4); it contains 12% N (nitrogen) and 61% P2O5 (phosphate). This fertilizer has the highest phosphorous content among others, which contain phosphorous. Due to its low nitrogen content this is the most appropriate way of supplying phosphorous to plants. As it does not contain any hazardous chemicals such as chlorine, sodium or heavy metals, it can safely be used for any kind of plants. Nitrogen content in the MAP fertilizers originates from the ammonium in its formula; therefore nitrogen is provided to the plants in small and controlled amounts
Potassium Nitrate is a type of fertilizer that carries two important nutrients for plants and increases yield and quality. It contains approximately nitrogen (N) and 46% potassium (K2O), which is preferred for plants. All the nitrogen it contains is in the form of nitrate (NO3) and can be taken up by plants immediately. Since nitrate () is electrically charged, it also encourages the intake of some other nutrients. Potassium Nitrate is also the best blended fertilizer for mixing fertilizers and preparing liquid fertilizer.
Potassium sulphate is an important nutrient for plants. Potassium sulphate fertilizer also contains 18% sulfur in sulphate form. Sulfur is an important nutrient, just like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and is found in the structure of proteins in plants. Potassium sulphate has many benefits for plants. Potassium deficiency is mostly seen in irrigated agriculture and rainy regions. Potassium sulphate fertilizer should be given to sandy soils that are poor in organic matter. It is mostly used in potatoes, tobacco, vegetables, fruits, citrus fruits, legumes, corn, cotton, sugar beet and greenhouses. If it is not given in sufficient amount, yellow or reddish brown spots can be seen on the parts of the green leaves of the plants. Potassium balances the acid-sugar ratio in the fruit, affects the coloring, increases the taste and odor, and minimizes the fruit drop problem. It provides increased endurance against frost and cold.
