Compound cattle feed is a mixture of various concentrate feed ingredients in suitable proportion. Commonly used ingredients in compound cattle feed include grains, bran, protein meals/cakes, chunnies, agro-industrial by-products, minerals and vitamins. Compound cattle feed is an economical source of concentrate supplements and it could be in the form of mash, pellets, crumbles, cubes, etc. Compound cattle feed is palatable and good source of nutrients for growing, adult, dry, milk producing and pregnant animals.
Through regular use of compound cattle feed in prescribed quantity along with basal diet, cost of milk production from dairy animals can be optimised. Considering the increase in milk yield different varieties of compound cattle feed are produced. It also promotes use of different compound feeds such as, calf starter, calf growth meal, feed for high yielding animals, feed for low yielding animals, buffalo feed, feed for dry pregnant animals, etc.
Cattle feed can be fed directly or by mixing it with chaffed dry/green fodder. Cattle feed need not be cooked or pre-soaked before feeding. If compound feed is uniformly mixed with the forages and fed, results are better. As it contains desirable amount of minerals and vitamins along with other nutrients, its use helps improving reductive efficiency.
Adding a feed oil ingredient supplies the animal with essential fatty acids, needed for production and growth. The digestibility of the fatty acids however can vary between animal species and age groups. The effectiveness of including a fat or oil also depends on the total feed formulation.
Animal feed oil is a vegetable-based poultry feed energy supplement used in poultry feed formulation depending on the nutritional value of the other feed ingredients and the requirement of the animal. The fatty acid composition of fats and oils determines the nutritional and economical value in several ways. First of all, there is a need to supply the essential omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids via the feed. This is in general limited to the polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic and linolenic acid.
A minimum requirement for this is easily met by the addition of fat rich grains or grain by-products and lard or poultry fat in combination with plant oils like soybean oil. The ratio between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in the complete animal feed oil influences the fat digestibility to a large extend. The degree of saturation of fatty acids strongly influences the melting temperature and therefore the ability to be emulsified in the gut lumen by bile acids
Wheat bran pellets are made from wheat bran, a by-product of dry milling of common wheat into flour and grits production, which predominantly consists of husks and variable proportions of the endosperm, by adding a suitable binder and then pressing the composition under high pressure in pelletizing machines or extruders to form cylindrically shaped pellets.
In milling, flour is directly separated from bran in a one-step milling and screening and this type of bran has a higher starch content and a higher nutritive value. Wheat bran is suitable for livestock feeding preferably for cattle and very palatable to most classes of animals. Wheat bran is a bulky feed that can be used to lighten dense, heavy feed mixtures. It can be readily incorporated into mashes. Good bran should have a fair coating of flour and be in the form of large, dry and non-adherent flakes. It is usually sold raw or pelleted.
Wheat bran pellets generally have the same characteristics as the original plant residues, in particular in terms of the product's oil and water content. Wheat bran pellets are light gray in color. A darker or brownish color is indicative of excessively high temperatures during processing or excessively long storage.
Chick peas bran serves as a primary energy source for the farm animals (164 kcal per 100g). It is experimentally proved that chick peas bran provides all essential nutrients for ruminants (animals which only eat plants) to grow equally well and produce an equal amount and quality of milk. Non-ruminant diets can be made a whole-meal when some amount of chick peas bran is added to their feed. It also promotes egg production and meat growth.
Chick peas bran contains carbohydrates (27.42g per 100g) and is high in protein (8.86g per 100g). It also contains fat, vitamins, minerals and other nutrients. In common with other grain legumes, chickpeas contain few secondary compounds such as trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors. This leads to higher nutrition values and fewer digestive problems in non-ruminants.
Heat treatment is an effective method to increase the amount of protein availability for intestinal digestibility. Extrusion is a very good heat technique to destroy secondary components in legumes, since the proteins are irreversibly denatured. However, over-processing of chick peas bran may decrease the nutritional value and extrusion could lead to losses in minerals and vitamins, while dry heating does not change the chemical composition. Moreover, chick peas straw can also be used as an alternative forage in ruminant diets.
DDG crash corn is a by-product of the ethanol production process and has high nutrient feed valued suitable for the livestock. When ethanol plants produce ethanol, they use starch only from input grains like rice, corn, millets or wheat.
After starch extraction, the byproduct DDG crash corn contains protein, fiber, oil and essential amino acids suitable for livestock feed. This is an excellent animal feed as is containing high energy, mid-protein, and high digestible phosphorus content and this makes DDG crash corn a very attractive, partial replacement for some of the more expensive feed sources.
When DDG crash corn is added to properly formulated feeds, it results in excellent animal health, performance and food product quality. In dairy cow diets DDG crash corn can be included up to 20% and this result in greater milk production. When formulating diets containing DDG crash corn for lactating dairy cows, consideration should be given to type of forage, forage to concentrate ratio, crude fat content of DDG crash corn, and the need for supplemental crystalline lysine to achieve optimal performance.
DDG crash corn is relatively easy to digest and has high nutritional value. It has higher biological value than other gluten and has great health benefits for your livestock.
Pure coconut oil cake is made using extracted oil from copra. These are processed through our solvent processes. The coconuts are dehusked, split in half, drained of coconut water; then the halves are exposed to the sun for about a week, until the copra contains 6-8% water. The main coconut by-product is the copra meal. Coconut oil cake is also sometimes called copra meal or coconut meal.
Depending on the oil extraction method, the oil residue in the marketed product ranges from 1% to 22%. The copra meal sometimes refers to the mechanically extracted and the solvent extracted product. Copra meal is a common feed ingredient, particularly for ruminants. Its crude protein content is 20-25% with relatively high quantities of cell wall constituents. The oil content makes it a valuable energy source. Perfect for animal and cattle feed, these have rich mineral content. It is also used to increase the weight of the fully grown animals. Copra meal is a valuable feed for ruminants and can be used as a protein supplement for grass-fed animals, either alone or in combination with other protein sources.
While theoretically inferior to other common oil meals due to its lower protein content, it is often a better feed resource than other products. It is as effective as cottonseed meal for growth performance despite having half of the protein content, suggesting that the protein quality of copra meal has a higher biological value than that of cottonseed meal.
Mysoor dhal bran is made from dried, ground whole mysoor dhal. The lentils are cleaned, roasted and then ground into flour after removal of the testa or the seed-coat.
Masoor dhal is power-packed with nutrients and has immeasurable benefits. It is low in fat content and very high on protein. It can fulfill the nutritional and dietary requirements of your farm animals.
Rice polish is a by-product of rice obtained in the milling operation of brushing the grain to polish the kernel, after the hull and bran have been removed.
Rice polish can be used as a part of concentrates for dairy cattle, beef cattle and sheep. This is also the cheapest source of energy and protein for poultry feeding. The oil content of rice polish varies from 13-19%. The crude protein ranges from 13-16% and TDN from 70-90% depending on the oil content. Rice polish supplies as much TDN as maize. It is a good source of proteins, energy, vitamins and minerals for farm animals. It also contains better assortment of amino acids, particularly lysine and methionine, compared to other cereal grains, including maize and wheat.
The phosphorus content is high (1.30%) in rice polish and calcium content is low. Though much of the phosphorus exists as phytate phosphorus, rumen microorganism can digest phytate phosphorus. Rice polish contains factors which promote rancidity, especially under the warm humid climatic conditions that favour auto-oxidation. These include lipoxidases, which are enzymes that promote oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. Rancid feeds are unpalatable and potentially toxic. Heat treatment may improve its utilization especially in non-ruminants by inactivating lipoxidases and trypsin inhibitors
Rice bran is a major by-product from rice processing. It consists of the fibrous outer layer of the grain, some hull, chipped grain and calcium carbonate which is added during milling process. Raw rice bran contains 13-19% oil which is removed by solvent extraction process leading to production of de-oiled rice bran.
This contains crude protein ranging from 13-16% and TDN 55-65%. De-oiled rice bran is a good source of proteins, vitamins and minerals. In addition, it also contains better assortment of amino acids, particularly lysine and methionine, compared to other cereal grains, including maize and wheat. The phosphorus content is high (1.30%) in de-oiled rice bran and calcium content is comparatively low. Though, much of the phosphorus exists as phytate phosphorus, rumen microorganism can digest phytate phosphorus.
Generally, rice bran contains variable quantities of hulls, which are high in silica making them very abrasive and extremely low digestibility. Our de-oiled rice bran product is carefully processed to ensure it is safe to eat and improve digestibility without much complications. Our supplies are extremely rich and premium in quality which is ideal for making cattle and poultry feed. De-oiled rice bran is the key to wholesome development of farm animals.
Animal feed salt is an essential addition to any animal feed. Salt maintains the mineral balance of the animals at the right level and keeps your livestock healthy. It is advisable to opt for sea salt because this type of salt also contains additional essential minerals and trace elements.
Animals too need vitamins and minerals in their daily food supply. Sodium and chloride must not be lacking. Sodium is important for the functioning of the central nervous system, while chloride regulates the balance between acids and bases in the stomach. Together these two essential nutrients keep the fluid balance at the right level. A lack of salt in your animal feed is easily remedied by using animal feed salt as nutritional supplement. You can be certain that the animals are getting the necessary minerals. Salt deficiency can occur through feed that has too little sodium, unilateral fertilizer application of crops or low-quality grass or hay.
A lack of salt can have dire results for the health of your animals. Muscle cramps, a harsh coat and reduced appetite are just a few of the symptoms that occur. Animal feed salt can be provided as salt licks or added to the feed, but can also be used as preservative in grass and corn silage.
Sesame is a tropical and subtropical plant cultivated for its seeds, which yield about 50% of a high-quality edible oil. Sesame oil meal, the by-product of sesame oil extraction, is used as a feed ingredient. Sesame seeds have outstanding amounts of oil and they have a high polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content. Sesame oil contains about 47% oleic acid and 39% linoleic acid. It is rich in tocopherols and lignans (notably sesamin and sesamolin) that provide exceptional oxidative stability compared to other edible oils.
Several processes exist to extract sesame oil, depending on the end product required. The seed may be dehulled, cooked or roasted, and the oil extracted by mechanical pressure, resulting in a feed-grade, oil-rich sesame cake. Further extraction with solvent results in a feed-grade, low oil sesame flour. Sesame oil cake is the protein-rich by-product obtained after oil extraction.
Depending on the way oil has been extracted, sesame oil meal can be used as a feed for livestock, especially ruminants and poultry, from un-decorticated sesame seeds. It is a valuable source of protein for animals and unlike other oil meals, sesame oil meal is usually obtained by mechanical extraction only (rather by mechanical extraction followed by solvent extraction) and its residual oil content is high.
Soybean meal is the most important protein source used to feed farm animals. Its feeding value is unsurpassed by any other plant protein source and it is the standard to which other protein sources are compared.
Soybean meal is the by-product of the extraction of soybean oil. Several processes exist, resulting in different products. Soybean meal is usually classified for marketing by its crude protein content. There are two main categories of soybean meal, the high-protein soybean meal with 47-49% protein and 3% crude fiber, obtained from dehulled seeds, and the conventional soybean meal, with 43-44% protein, that contain the hulls. In solvent-extracted soybean meals, the oil content is typically lower than 2% while it exceeds 3% in mechanically-extracted meals.
Soybean meal is heat-treated during production, to denature the trypsin inhibitors of soybeans, which would otherwise interfere with protein digestions. Soybean mean is used for animal feeds, principally as a protein supplement, but also as a source of metabolizable energy. For instance, for rapidly growing lambs on low-protein feeds, soybean meal can be an important supplement to ensure adequate protein intake, and partly because of its palatability, soybean meal is often recommended for use in starter rations when creep feeding lambs.
