It is natural silica sand, which contain a high percentage of kaolin from 15- 20%.
it is naturally from the quarry, we can make sizing as customer need up to 125 micron, so kaolin % will be higher or we can milled it up to 45 micron.
it can used directly as source of silica and alumina in any industry.
or can be washed and separated as kaolin + sand
Talc is a metamorphic mineral resulting from the metamorphism of magnesian minerals.
-Talc have several kinds
1- steatite which is pure talc, it refers to high-purity, dense, very fine-grained talc that can be machined. On firing, it has good electrical insulating properties and is used in the manufacture of electrical porcelain.
2-foliated talc use in several industry
3- tremolite talc This is fine-grained “hard” talc, which have magnesium concentration about 10 %, and traces of carbonates and quartz.
Uses:
Talc enter in several industry around the world like
1- painting 2- insecticides: as a carrier
3- tanning leather 4- soap
5- filler: in carpet and textile backings, wallboard joint compounds, adhesives and sealants
6- ceramic and pottery: Talc for ceramic applications is low in iron and carbonates, uniform in chemical composition and fired shrinkage, hard and fine grained, controlled in particle size distribution,
7-plastics: Talc is used in thermoplastics to control melt flow, reduce creep in molded parts, increase molding cycles, increase heat deflection temperature, and improve dimensional stability.
8- paper: Its low abrasion and ability to preferentially wet oily materials in the presence of water are unique among mineral alternatives, talc is used for TiO2 extension and for improved gloss, opacity, brightness, and ink holdout.
9- pharmacological cosmetics and talc powder: Only high-brightness platy talc of exceptional purity is used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
10-printing ink 11- electric isolation
12- Talc is used for flow control in animal feeds, as a dusting agent for rubber, as an anticaking agent for fertilizers
13- Coatings The principal use for talc in coatings is as a TiO2 extender.
Calcium oxide (CaO), commonly known as quicklime or burnt lime, is a widely used chemical compound. It is a white, caustic, alkaline crystalline solid at room temperature. The broadly used term lime connotes calcium-containing inorganic materials, in which carbonates, oxides and hydroxides of calcium, silicon, magnesium, aluminium, and iron predominate, such as limestone.
Calcium oxide is usually made by the thermal decomposition of materials such as limestone, that contain calcium carbonate (CaCO3; mineral calcite) in a lime kiln. This is accomplished by heating the material to above 825 °C (1,517 °F), a process called calcination or lime-burning, to liberate a molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2); leaving quicklime. The quicklime is not stable and, when cooled, will spontaneously react with CO2 from the air until, after enough time, it is completely converted back to calcium carbonate
Uses quick lime
Quicklime is relatively inexpensive. Both it and a chemical derivative (calcium hydroxide) are important commodity chemicals.
Quicklime produces heat energy by the formation of the hydrate, calcium hydroxide, by the following equation:[3]
CaO (s) + H2O (l) Ca (OH) 2 (aq) (ΔHr = −63.7 kJ/mol of CaO)
As it hydrates, an exothermic reaction results and the solid puffs up. The hydrate can be reconverted to quicklime by removing the water by heating it to redness to reverse the hydration reaction. One litre of water combines with approximately 3.1 kilograms (6.8 lb) of quicklime to give calcium hydroxide plus 3.54 MJ of energy. This process can be used to provide a convenient portable source of heat, as for on-the-spot food warming in a self-heating can.
When quicklime is heated to 2,400 °C (4,350 °F), it emits an intense glow. This form of illumination is known as a limelight, and was used broadly in theatrical productions prior to the invention of electric lighting.
Calcium oxide is also a key ingredient for the process of making cement.
Phosphates are chemical compounds containing phosphorus, a naturally occurring mineral, and oxygen that are used in a wide variety of applications
Uses and Applications
Use of
Polyphosphates for their diverse functionality in water based paints and coatings.
Phosphates Used in the Processing of Various Ceramics.
Inventory of Phosphate Applications and Uses.
Phosphoric acid-based chemical polishes are used primarily to chemically polish (brighten) aluminum and aluminum alloys.
Many phosphorus-containing materials are used as flame-retardants for textiles, plastics, coatings, paper, sealants and mastics.
"Phosphates and phosphoric acid have many uses in the treatment of potable (drinking) water.
Cleaning solutions with phosphates help clean mildew and stubborn stains on vinyl siding.
barite, (BaSO4) is a mineral consisting of barium sulfate. Baryte itself is generally white or colorless, and is the main source of barium. Baryte and celestine form a solid solution (Ba, Sr) SO4.
Uses of barite
1- Well drilling fluids Drilling fluids are designed to cool the drill bit, lubricate the drill stem, seal the walls of the well hole, remove cuttings, and confine high oil and gas pressures by the hydrostatic head of the fluid column.
2- Glass In glassmaking barite saves fuel by reducing the heat-insulating froth on the melt surface. It also acts as an oxidizer and decolorizer,
3- Coatings Paints and primers represent the largest use for filler-grade barite.
4- Polymers Finely ground barite is used in rubber, where its weight, inertness, isometric particle shape, and low binder demand are advantageous. It has little effect on cure, hardness, stiffness, or aging.
5-Micronized white barite and blanc fixe are used as fillers and extenders, primarily to add weight, in bristolboard, playing cards, and heavy printing papers. Blanc fixe is used in the base coat of photographic papers to supply an inert substrate for the silver halide emulsion coat. Finely ground (-325 mesh) barite is used as an inert filler in brake linings and clutc
Chemical analysis Raw material: Hydrated Lime
Tested Item Specifications
Ca(OH)2 Min 80 %
MgO Max 0.1 %
SO3 Max 0.50 %
CI Max 0.52 %
Fe2O3 Max 0.08%
Al2O3 Max 0.01%
Defects Max 2.5%
Particle Size 75 Micron
Color White
Flourite
Kaolinite is a clay mineral, part of the group of industrial minerals, with the chemical composition Al2Si2O5 (OH) 4.
Uses:
1- paper industry which consumption about 50 % of world kaolin production that 30% of paper is kaolin so it become soft, glassy touch, High-brightness, low abrasion water-washed, to improve brilliance, smoothness, and ink receptivity..
2- plastic industry: because it give the surface soft touch, resistance to chemicals, fixed form, and not electric transmitted, reduced cracking, warping and crazing,
3-ceramic industry: it is the essential substance in this industry, they make several tests to measure pottery coefficient, color degree after firing, shrinkage degree, viscosity degree, degree of firing, casting degree.
4- rubber industry: to increase tension strength, increase corrosion resistance, increase solidification, and also decrease the coast.
5- painting industry: use due to its chemical inert and covering pores, low coast white color, and dissolution in painting,
6- Refractories :contain flint clay to give a dense, strong product able to withstand much higher temperatures.
7- Adhesives and sealants Kaolin is used to control flow, penetration, and specific adhesion on application, and adhesive strength, tear strength, tensile strength, and elongation after cure.
8- Other Uses Kaolin clays are used in the manufacture of aluminum chemicals, 9- bricks,
10-cements,
11- cosmetics, pharmaceuticals,
12- animal feeds, fertilizers, catalysts, wallboard, printing ink, linoleum, flexible tile, pesticides,
13-Kaolinite can contain very small traces of uranium and thorium, and is therefore useful in radiological dating.
14- Kaolinite has also seen some use in organic farming, as a spray applied to crops to deter insect damage, and in the case of apples, to prevent sun scald.
15- When heated to between 650 and 900 °C kaolinite dehydroxylates to form metakaolin.
Gypsum is a very soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the chemical formula CaSO4·2H2O. It is found in alabaster.
there is other analysis as customer need
uses:
1- calcinated gypsum is about 95 % of gypsum uses that we heat the gypsum to 130 degree which remove water and become hemi hydrated gypsum that called plaster of paris, it used in wall plaster, wall lining, plaster board, wall board, tiles for ceikings, partitions. Thermal isolation, regulator to moisture measurements.
2- add Uncalcined gypsum crushed from 3 to 6 % to produce Portland cement so solidification speed become low.
3- gypsum contain 15-20 % sulfur produce ammonium sulfate which act as natural fertilizer.
4- glass industry to easily remove the gases.
5- fine gypsum use in resin industry, paper filler, in soil used in drilling petroleum well.
• by heating to 1093 degree, calcium sulfide form which produce sulfuric acid and lime.
• A binder in fast-dry tennis court clay.
• Plaster of Paris (surgical splints; casting moulds; modeling).
• A wood substitute in the ancient world; for example, when wood became scarce due to deforestation on Bronze Age Crete, gypsum was employed in building construction at locations where wood was previously used.[19]
• A tofu (soy bean curd) coagulant, making it ultimately a major source of dietary calcium, especially in Asian cultures which traditionally use few dairy products.
• Adding hardness to water used for homebrewing.
• A component of Portland cement used to prevent flash setting of concrete.
• Soil/water potential monitoring (soil moisture tension).
• A common ingredient in making mead.
• In the medieval period it was mixed, by scribes and illuminators, with lead carbonate (powdered white lead) to make gesso which was applied to illuminated letters and gilded with gold in illuminated manuscripts.
• In foot creams, shampoos and many other hair products.
• Impression plasters in dentistry
Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
we can reach up to 45 micron.
Uses limestone:
1- Portland cement industry: about 76 % that mix with nonmetallic minerals which is chemically treated.
2- Anhydrous sod carbonates: which is important to glass industry, detergence industry, purification industry, by reaction of co2 produce from calcinations with sod chloride and ammonia.
3- Catalyst in iron kilns: that iron have silica and ammonia as impurities which removed by limestone, they found that 410 kg of limestone produce 1 ton of iron.
4- Rocky fiber: by melting limestone in kilns and pumping steam strongly, so fiber formed which use as thermal isolation.
5- Lime industry: limestone is fired to lose co2 with 44 % from its weight leaving cao, that happen at 1000 – 1100 degree, which use in glass, paper building industry.
6- Metal filler: easy to grind, low oil absorption, do not cause machine corrosion isolation of tank and roofs,, painting and ceramic industries.
7- Food industry: the pure one for birds, treatment for sugar.
8- Ornamental stone: and building.
9- paper: In alkaline papermaking, calcium carbonate is used as a paper filler and coating. Both uses require high brightness, high purity, small particle size, and lack of abrasion.
10- coating: used white pigment in paints because it is available at relatively low cost and has high brightness for TiO2 extension, high purity, low abrasivity, and resistance to weathering.
11- plastic and rubber industry: used filler in plastics due to its low cost, low abrasion, low oil absorption, low moisture, high brightness, and easy dispersion with conventional mixing equipment, In plastics they are used to improve mar and impact resistance, surface gloss, weatherability, shrin
Mica are sheet silicates historically significant for their ability to be split into large, thin sheets that are uniquely useful for their electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. They have high electrical and thermal insulating properties; they are resistant to chemical attack; they can be split into
transparent or optically flat films; and they can be cut or stamped to shape.
Uses of mica:
1- Joint cements: muscovite is used in drywall joint compounds, where it contributes to consistency and workability, smooth surface finish, and resistance to shrinkage and cracking.
2- Coatings Fine-ground, -325 mesh and micronized mica grades are used in paint as a pigment extender and for dry film reinforcement. The inert, platy mica improves suspensi
on stability, controls film checking, chalking, shrinkage, and blistering, improves resistance to weathering, chemicals, and water penetration, and improves adhesion to most surfaces. Coarser grinds are used in textured paints, and wet-ground mica is used in high quality exterior house paints. High aspect ratio grades are preferred for porous surface sealers
to seal pores, control penetration, and reduce sagging and film cracking.
3- Plastics Finely ground, -325 mesh and micronized micas are used in plastics to improve electrical, thermal, and insulating properties. Mica is considered the most effective mineral for reducing warpage and increasing stiffness and heat deflection temperature in plastics. In general, mica reinforces crystalline better than amorphous polymers. Best results are obtained with nonpolar polymers when mica is pretreated with a coupling agent to improve wetting. Mica is used in both thermoplastics and thermosets. Its largest single use is in
polyolefins, even though it requires stabilizers to prevent degradation of polypropylene.
4- Drilling fluids Coarse, hammermilled (+10 mesh) mica is used in waterbased oilwell drilling fluids to prevent fluid loss into porous rock formations.
Feldspar minerals are sodium, potassium aluminosilicates.
this material naturally found in the mine without blending or mixing (Na %4-5 and potassium %4-5) so the behavior of the material will be fixed.
this material is very good for sanitary were or in body or special glaze
Sand particles range in diameter from 0.0625 mm to 2 mm. An individual particle in this range size is termed a sand grain. Sand grains are between gravel (with particles ranging from 2 mm up to 64 mm) and silt (particles smaller than 0.0625 mm down to 0.004 mm).
we can reach up to 45 micron milled sand with magnetic separation
uses
• Beach nourishment: Governments move sand to beaches where tides, storms or deliberate changes to the shoreline erode the original sand.
• Brick: Manufacturing plants add sand to a mixture of clay and other materials for manufacturing bricks.
• Cob: Coarse sand makes up as much as 75% of cob.
• Mortar: Sand is mixed with cement and sometimes lime to be used in masonry construction.
• Concrete: Sand is often a principal component of this critical construction material.
• Glass: Sand is the principal component in common glass.
• Landscaping: Sand makes small hills and slopes (for example, in golf courses).
• Glaze, frit, ceramic, instead of quartz
• Paint: Mixing sand with paint produces a textured finish for walls and ceilings or non-slip floor surfaces.
• Railroads: Train operators use sand to improve the traction of wheels on the rails.
• Roads: Sand improves traction (and thus traffic safety) in icy or snowy conditions.
• Sand animation: Performance artists draw images in sand. Makers of animated films use the same term to describe their use of sand on frontlit or backlit glass.
• Sand casting: Casters moisten or oil molding sand, also known as foundry sand and then shape it into molds into which they pour molten material.
Oxides
%
SiO2
99.6
Al2O3
0.2
Fe2O3
TiO2
CaO
MgO
K2O
Na2O
L.o.I (1100 C)
.020
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.10
There is transparent , opaque , and white frit .
Double and single fire
As customer request ,
Uses of feldspar
Feldspar use in several industries like
1- glass industry : by percent 10-15% from the formula that chemical balance happen due to presence of aluminum and basis contain 4-6% K2O, 5-7% Na2O, about 19% Al2O3, and less than 0.1% Fe2O3. Feldspar is used mainly as a source of alumina, which improves both the workability of the glass melt and the chemical and physical stability of the finished product. It also provides the alkaline oxides (Na2O, K2O) that provide fluxing in partial substitution for calcium oxide, which improves chemical resistance,
2- ceramic , porcelain and pottery : as flux to accelerate the melting operation that feldspar melt in lower temperature than the other materials in the formula so can enter to the chemical and physical reaction during melting .
3- other uses : as scraping off material ,
4- filler material in plastic ,
5- rubber ,
6- painting industry .
7- know as electric isolator ,
8- dental ,
9- a flux in welding electrodes,
10- adhesives,
11- coatings.
12- In filler applications it offers low vehicle demand, high dry brightness with low tint strength, and resistance to abrasion and chemical degradation. In coatings it also provides good film durability and high resistance to chalking and frosting.
13- Some intergrowths of orthoclase and albite have an attractive pale lustre and are called moonstone when used in jewellery. Most moonstones are translucent and white, although grey and peach-colored varieties also occur. In gemology,
14- The gemstone commonly called rainbow moonstone is more properly a colourless form of labradorite and can be distinguished from "true" moonstone by its greater transparency and play of colour, although their value and durability do not greatly differ.
Al2O3 Fe2O3 TiO2 CaO MgO K2O Na2O P.F. 1100°C
18.7 0.14 0.33 0.57 0.19 0.1 10.5 0.4
Feldspar minerals potassium, aluminosilicates. Their ores are commonly associated with quartz.
we have Nak feldspar, k feldspar 1st and 2nd grade.
we can reach up to 45 micron milled feldspar with magnetic separation.
Uses of feldspar group:
Feldspar use in several industries like
1- glass industry: by percent 10-15% from the formula that chemical balance happen due to presence of aluminum and basis contain 4-6% K2O, 5-7% Na2O, about 19% Al2O3, and less than 0.1% Fe2O3. Feldspar is used mainly as a source of alumina, which improves both the workability of the glass melt and the chemical and physical stability of the finished product. It also provides the alkaline oxides (Na2O, K2O) that provide fluxing in partial substitution for calcium oxide, which improves chemical resistance,
2- ceramic, porcelain and pottery: as flux to accelerate the melting operation that feldspar melt in lower temperature than the other materials in the formula so can enter to the chemical and physical reaction during melting.
3- other uses: as scraping off material,
4- filler material in plastic,
5- rubber,
6- painting industry.
7- know as electric isolator,
8- dental,
9- a flux in welding electrodes,
10- adhesives,
11- coatings.
12- In filler applications it offers low vehicle demand, high dry brightness with low tint strength, and resistance to abrasion and chemical degradation. In coatings it also provides good film durability and high resistance to chalking and frosting.
13- Some intergrowths of orthoclase and albite have an attractive pale lustre and are called moonstone when used in jewellery. Most moonstones are translucent and white, although grey and peach-colored varieties also occur. In gemology
Al2O3 Fe2O3 TiO2 CaO MgO K2O Na2O P.F. 1100°C
17.1 0 .044 <0,01 0.08 0.05 12.4 1.77 0.4
Dolomite is a carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate CaMg (CO3) 2. The term is also used to describe the sedimentary carbonate rock dolostone.
we can make the crushed grain size as customer need,
there is different analysis
Uses
Dolomite is used as
1- an ornamental stone,
2- a concrete aggregate,
3- a source of magnesium oxide and in the Pidgeon process
4- for the production of magnesium.
5- It is an important petroleum reservoir rock,
6- a flux for the smelting of iron and steel.
7- Large quantities of processed dolomite are used in the production of float glass.
8- production of frit for glaze.
9- added to soils and soilless potting mixes to lower their acidity and as a magnesium source.
10- the substrate in marine (saltwater) aquariums to help buffer changes in pH of the water.
11- one of the basic raw materials in the manufacture of flat glass, which are added by 12% as magnesium oxide helps add to the speed of the glass melting process.
12- in the manufacture of refractories due to the high melting temperature to 2800 ° C and therefore is used in the ovens foundries in Tlies containers.
13- used in the steel industry as well as used in furnaces making steel oxygen and furnaces arcs electric –
14- is also used in furnaces smelting to reduce the melting temperature of slag
Also known as ground quartz and silica flour, is produced by grinding high-purity quartz, quartzite, sandstone, or silica sand to finer than 45 micron. Air separation is used as required to remove kaolin, mica, feldspar, or calcite impurities.
we can crush also reach 45 micron with magnetic separation
Uses:
1- glass industry
2- lenses industry
3- television, radio, computer, radar, transmission machine industry
4-pure quartz for photocells
5- semi conductor industry
6-Cleaners
7-Paint
8-cramics: Low-iron ground silica, typically -200 mesh, and calcined silica are used in whiteware formulations to facilitate drying of the body, to control expansion characteristics and compatibility between the body and glaze to prevent crazing, and to provide whiteness and acid resistance.
10-Coatings Ground quartz and novaculite are used as extender pigments because of their low binder demand, which allows high loadings.
11-Rubber Finer (<0.025 micrometer) precipitated silica is the only fully reinforcing alternative to carbon black for general rubber compounding. Most of the precipitated silicas used in rubber are reinforcing grades rather than the coarser extending grades. Precipitated silica is used in compounds designed to be translucent or colored, and in general compounding to promote abrasion resistance, cut growth resistance, tear strength, elastomer-to-textile adhesion, and resistance to heat aging.
12- Plastics: are used as thixotropes in unsaturated polyester resins and gel coats and in epoxy resins. Fumed and precipitated silicas are used as thixotropes in PVC plastisols. used as ant blocking and antislip agents by temporarily absorbing plasticizers that can cause tack and by providing an imperceptible surface roughness. They are used as matting or flatting agents and as plate-out agents in highly plasticized compounds.
Common salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts; salt in its natural form as a crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite.
there other kind of salts depend on customer needs.
Water Conditioning
Food Grade Salt
Agriculture
Highway Deicing
Industrial Chemicals
