Fungicides are chemical or biological agents used to prevent or eliminate fungal infections in plants, animals, and humans. They play a crucial role in agriculture by protecting crops from diseases caused by fungi, which can significantly reduce yield and quality.
Types of Fungicides:
1. Contact Fungicides: These remain on the surface of plants and prevent fungal spores from germinating.
2. Systemic Fungicides: Absorbed by the plant, these move through its tissues to combat existing infections.
3. Protective Fungicides: Applied before infection occurs to prevent fungal growth.
4. Curative Fungicides: Used after infection to stop the spread of fungi.
Common fungicides include sulfur-based compounds, copper-based solutions, and synthetic chemicals like azoxystrobin and carbendazim. Some organic options, such as neem oil and bicarbonates, are also used in sustainable farming.
