As for Urine Reagent Analysis Strip Uncut Sheets , we have various parameters ranging from 1 to 12 .
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PRINCIPLE AND EXPECTED VALUES
URS Ascorbic acid: This test involves decolorization of Tillmann's reagent. The presence of ascorbic acid causes the color of the test field to change from blue-green to orange. Glucose: This test is based on the enzymatic reaction that occurs between glucose oxidase, peroxidase and chromogen. Glucose if first oxidized to produce gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of glucose oxidase. The hydrogen peroxide reacts with potassium iodide chromogen in the presence of peroxidase. The extent to which the chromogen is oxidized determines the color which is produced, ranging from green to brown. Low amounts of glucose are normally excreted in urine.3 Glucose concentrations as low as 100 mg/dL, read at either 10 or 30 seconds, may be considered abnormal if results are consistent. At 10 seconds, results should be interpreted qualitatively. For semi-quantitative results, read at 30 seconds only.
URS Bilirubin: This test is based on azo-coupling reaction of bilirubin with diazotized dichloroaniline in a strongly acidic medium. Varying bilirubin levels will produce a pinkish-tan color proportional to its concentration in urine. In normal urine, no bilirubin is detectable by even the most sensitive methods. Even trace amounts of bilirubin require further investigation. Atypical results (colors different from the negative or positive color blocks shown on the color chart) may indicate that bilirubin-derived bile pigments are present in the urine specimen, and are possibly masking the bilirubin reaction.
General Information
The Urinalysis Reagent Strips (Urine) are firm plastic strips onto which several separate reagent areas are affixed. The test is for the detection of one or more of the following analytes in urine: Ascorbic acid, Glucose, Bilirubin, Ketone (Acetoacetic acid), Specific Gravity, Blood, pH, Protein, Urobilinogen, Nitrite , Leukocytes and so on.
SUMMARY
Bilirubin: This test is based on the coupling of bilirubin with a diazotized dichloroaniline in a strongly acid medium. The colors range from light tan to reddish-brown.
Ketone: This test is based on the reaction of acetoacetic acid with sodium nitroprusside in a strongly basic medium. The colors range from beige or buff-pink color for a Negative reading to pink and pink-purple for a Positive reading.
Specific Gravity: This test is based on the apparent pKa change of certain pretreated polyelectrolytes in relation to the ionic concentration. In the presence of an indicator, the colors range from dark blue or blue-green in urine of low ionic concentration to green and yellow-green in urine of higher ionic concentration.
Blood: This test is based on the pseudoperoxidase action of hemoglobin and erythrocytes which catalyzes the reaction of 3,3, 5, 5-tetramethyl-benzidine and buffered organic peroxide. The resulting colors range from orange to yellow-green and dark green. Very high blood concentration may cause the color development to continue to dark blue.
pH: This test is based on the well known double pH indicator method, where bromothymol blue and methyl red give distinguishable colors over the pH range of 5-9. The colors range from red-orange to yellow and yellow-green to blue-green.
Protein: This test is based on the protein error-of-indicator principle. At a constant pH, the development of any green color is due to the presence of protein. Colors range from yellow for a �??Negative�?? reaction to yellow-green and green to blue-green for a �??Positive�?? reaction.
Urobilinogen: This test is based on a modified Ehrlich reaction in which p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde reacts with urobilinogen in a strongly acid medium. Colors range from light pink to bright magenta.
Nitrite: This test depends on the conversion of nitrate to nitrite by the action of Gram-negative bacteria in the urine. The nitrite reacts with p-arsanilic acid to from a diazonium compound in an acid medium. The diazonium compound in turn couples with 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo(h) quinolin to produce a pink color.
Leukocytes: This test is based on the action of esterase present in leukocytes, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of an indoxyl ester derivative. The indoxyl ester liberated reacts with a diazonium salt to produce a beige-pink to purple color.
Ascorbic Acid: The composition comprises of a complex chelating agent with a polyvalent metal ion in its higher state and an indicator dye that can reacts with the metal ion in its lower state to produce a color change from blue-green to yellow.
The Urinalysis Reagent Strips (Urine) are firm plastic strips onto which several separate reagent areas are affixed. The test is for the detection of one or more of the following analytes in urine: Ascorbic acid, Glucose, Bilirubin, Ketone (Acetoacetic acid), Specific Gravity, Blood, pH, Protein, Urobilinogen, Nitrite , Leukocytes and so on.
