Bran is the hard outer layers of cereal grain. It consists of the combined aleurone and pericarp. Corn (maize) bran also includes the pedicel (tip cap). Along with germ, it is an integral part of whole grains, and is often produced as a byproduct of milling in the production of refined grains. The composition of corn bran includes groats, germ, meal and husk particles. Bran is rich in protein, fat, fiber, and contains all the useful substances and trace elements contained in the grain. The chemical composition of corn bran is very close to the chemical composition of corn grain.