Tamarind seeds, derived from the tamarind fruit (Tamarindus indica), are known for their various uses in food, medicine, and industry. Below are the general specifications for tamarind seeds:

1. Physical Characteristics:
Shape: Oval, slightly flat with a smooth surface.
Color: Light brown to reddish-brown (may vary depending on maturity).
Size: 1.5 to 2 cm in length, with a diameter of approximately 0.8 to 1.2 cm.
Weight: Approximately 0.4 to 0.5 grams per seed.
Texture: Hard and woody outer shell; inside contains a soft, sticky pulp.
2. Chemical Composition:
Moisture Content: Typically 10-12%, which can vary depending on drying and storage conditions.
Protein Content: 12-14% on a dry matter basis.
Fat Content: 0.5 to 1.5%.
Carbohydrates: 60-70%.
Fiber Content: High in dietary fiber.
Ash Content: 2-3%.
Tannin Content: Tamarind seeds contain tannins, which contribute to their astringent taste.
3. Nutritional Value (per 100g of seed):
Energy: ~350-370 kcal
Protein: 10-12g
Fat: 1-2g
Carbohydrate: 80-85g
Fiber: 10-12g
4. Uses:
Food Industry: Tamarind seeds can be ground into powder and used in sauces, soups, and spice blends.
Medicinal Uses: Seeds have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. They are used in traditional medicine for treating digestive problems, fevers, and wounds.
Industrial Uses:
Polymers and Bioplastics: Tamarind seed gum (polysaccharides) is used in biodegradable plastics.
Cosmetics: The gum extracted from tamarind seeds is used as an emulsifier in skin-care products.
Oil Extraction: Tamarind seed oil is rich in fatty acids and is used in soaps, cosmetics, and lubricants.
Animal Feed: Ground tamarind seed meal is used as an animal feed ingredient.