Gasoil, often referred to as diesel oil or simply diesel, is a middle distillate derived from the crude oil refining process. It possesses properties between those of lighter fuels like gasoline and heavier fuels like lubricating oil. Gasoil is used as both a fuel and a processing element in various industries.
Primary Characteristics:
Appearance: Clear to slightly hazy, ranging in color from light straw to amber.
Odor: Characteristic petroleum smell.
Density: Varies based on specific grade and blend but generally denser than gasoline.
Cetane Number: Indicator of the combustion speed of diesel fuel and compression needed for ignition.
Specifications:
Gasoilâ??s quality and classification often adhere to standards set by organizations such as ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) or equivalent regional standards. Variations include Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD), Low Sulfur Diesel, and others.
Applications:
Automotive: Fuel for diesel-engine vehicles, such as trucks, buses, and cars.
Industrial: Used in various industrial machines and engines, including generators.
Marine: Fuel for certain types of marine vessels.
Heating: Used in some regions as heating oil for homes and businesses.
Power Generation: Fuel for diesel-powered electricity generators.
Advantages:
Energy Dense: Provides more energy per gallon compared to gasoline, leading to longer fuel economy in diesel engines.
Efficient: Diesel engines often convert fuel to energy more efficiently than their gasoline counterparts.
Reliable: Known for its durability and reliability in heavy-duty applications.
Jet Fuel A1 is a specialized type of kerosene designed for use in aircraft powered by gasturbine engines It meets stringent international specifications ensuring optimal performance and safety for aviation applications
Primary Characteristics
Appearance Clear to strawcolored liquid
Odor Characteristic petroleum or kerosene odor
Density Typically around 080 kgl at 15C
Flash Point Minimum of 38C 100F
Freezing Point Maximum of 47C 53F
Specifications
Jet Fuel A1 adheres to the stringent international standards set by organizations like ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials and DEF STAN UKs Defence Standard
Applications
Civil Aviation Preferred fuel for commercial airlines and most civil aircraft
Military While some military aircraft use Jet Fuel A1 others might utilize specialized fuel blends
Advantages
Stability Resistant to thermal breakdown ensuring safe operations in hightemperature environments like jet engines
Purity Contains minimal contaminants reducing the risk of engine deposits
Low Freezing Point Suitable for highaltitude flying where temperatures can be extremely cold
Crude oil, often simply called "crude," is an unrefined petroleum product composed of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials. It is a liquid found underground that can be refined to produce various fuels, including gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel, as well as other products like plastics and chemicals.
Classification:
Based on its specific gravity (API gravity) and sulfur content, crude oil can be classified into:
Light or Heavy: Determined by its API gravity with light crude oil being less dense and, therefore, more valuable than heavy crude oil.
Sweet or Sour: Based on its sulfur content. Sweet crude has less than 0.5% sulfur, while sour crude has a higher sulfur content.
Physical Characteristics:
Color varies from yellow to black.
Viscosity can range from water-like to thick and tar-like.
Distinctive odor, often pungent.
Applications:
Fuel Production: Main source for gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and jet fuel after refining.
Petrochemicals: Base for manufacturing chemicals, plastics, synthetic materials, and more.
Lubricants: Processed to produce motor oil, grease, and other lubricating products.
Asphalt: Used in road construction.
Storage & Handling:
Crude oil is typically stored in large tanks or transported in pipelines, tankers, or rail cars. Proper care is needed during transportation to prevent spills and environmental contamination.
Note: Crude oil's quality and characteristics can vary widely based on its geographical origin and the conditions under which it was formed. Before refining or using, a detailed analysis is usually performed to understand its composition and how best to process or utilize it.
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Diesel EN590 10 PPM is a type of diesel fuel that meets the European standard EN590 for automotive diesel oil The 10 PPM designation refers to the maximum allowable sulfur content in the fuel which is 10 parts per million ppm or less Here are some of the specifications for Diesel EN590 10 PPM
Density at 15 C 820845 kgm
Flash point minimum 55 C
Cetane number minimum 51
Sulfur content maximum 10 ppm
Distillation range 90 distilled at 360370 C
Cold filter plugging point maximum 5 C
Appearance Clear and bright free from visible sediment and water
Diesel EN590 10 PPM is primarily used as a fuel for diesel engines in automobiles trucks buses and other vehicles It is designed to meet the stringent emissions standards in Europe and other regions which require lower levels of sulfur and other pollutants in diesel fuel The use of lowsulfur diesel fuels like EN590 10 PPM can help to reduce air pollution and improve air quality as well as reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases
