Crude oil, often simply called "crude," is an unrefined petroleum product composed of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials. It is a liquid found underground that can be refined to produce various fuels, including gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel, as well as other products like plastics and chemicals.
Classification:
Based on its specific gravity (API gravity) and sulfur content, crude oil can be classified into:
Light or Heavy: Determined by its API gravity with light crude oil being less dense and, therefore, more valuable than heavy crude oil.
Sweet or Sour: Based on its sulfur content. Sweet crude has less than 0.5% sulfur, while sour crude has a higher sulfur content.
Physical Characteristics:
Color varies from yellow to black.
Viscosity can range from water-like to thick and tar-like.
Distinctive odor, often pungent.
Applications:
Fuel Production: Main source for gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and jet fuel after refining.
Petrochemicals: Base for manufacturing chemicals, plastics, synthetic materials, and more.
Lubricants: Processed to produce motor oil, grease, and other lubricating products.
Asphalt: Used in road construction.
Storage & Handling:
Crude oil is typically stored in large tanks or transported in pipelines, tankers, or rail cars. Proper care is needed during transportation to prevent spills and environmental contamination.
Note: Crude oil's quality and characteristics can vary widely based on its geographical origin and the conditions under which it was formed. Before refining or using, a detailed analysis is usually performed to understand its composition and how best to process or utilize it.
Light Cycle Oil (LCO) is a secondary liquid product derived from the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process in refineries. This process breaks down larger hydrocarbon molecules from heavy gas oils into smaller, more valuable products like gasoline and diesel. LCO typically sits between diesel and heavy gas oil in terms of boiling range and weight.
Primary Characteristics:
Appearance: Typically amber to dark brown liquid.
Odor: Characteristic petroleum smell.
Density: Intermediate, falling between lighter distillates and heavier oils.
Sulfur Content: Can vary based on the feedstock and refining process, but often higher than diesel and gasoline.
Applications:
Blending Component: Frequently blended into diesel fuel to enhance volume, though this requires treating to meet emissions standards.
Feedstock: Used in hydrocracking and other refining processes to produce more valuable products, such as gasoline or diesel.
Industrial Burning: Some industries utilize LCO as a combustion fuel, though this is less common due to its higher sulfur content and potential emissions.
Advantages:
Versatility: Can be further processed or blended to meet various fuel product needs.
Economic Value: Provides an additional stream of revenue from the FCC process, maximizing the yield of a refinery.
Feedstock Potential: Offers refineries another option for producing lighter, more desirable products.
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This is for 2,000,000 barrels of MEREY 16 per month and we can have a ONE YEAR contract.
- - discount -$26/-$22 under Brent: commissions $1.5 seller mandate, $1.5 buyer mandate $1 intermediaries, all paid by the buyer.
- the payment has to be in USDT is what they request in vzla
- 20% upon receipt of the window or ACZ
- 30% when connecting hoses and starting charging
- 50% against BL AND Q&Q
- Jose terminal in Venezuela
If they agree, they must send LOI with all the documentation, which is as follows:
CPA, Q88, KYC, POF of the Wallet
Base oils are important basic raw materials for any lubricants included engine oils, gear oils, industrial oils, metal working fluids, hydraulic fluids and also greases. In most of the lubricants 70-90% ingredient is base oils. As per API classification Base oils can be grouped majorly into five groups, i.e., Group-I/II/III/IV/V. The base oil characteristics are very important in determining the quality of the finished product. Group I base oils are solvent-refined, which is a simpler refining process. This is why they are the cheapest base oils on the market.
Base oil SN 150 is known as a light grade base oil at the lower end of the specifications for Grade I light base oils. It is mostly used in lubricant and lubricant additives production. It is a Group I base oil which has undergone solvent refining processes. To finish the refining it was hydrogen treated to clear out any impurities.
Applications :
Base oil SN 150 works as a base stock for several industrial lubricants.
General purpose oils
Mould oil
Transmission fluids
Gear oils
Metal working fluids
Additives
Hydraulic oils
Transformer oils
Base Oil SN 500 is defined as a light grade base oil at the upper end of the specifications for Grade I base oils. It is mostly used in lubricant production. It is a Group I base oil which has undergone solvent refining processes. To finish the refining it was hydrogen treated to clear out any impurities.
Applications :
Base Oil SN 500 works as a base stock for several industrial lubricants
Engine oils
Transmission fluids
Gear oils
Metal working fluids
Greases
Hydraulic oils
Transformer oils
Base Oil SN 350 is a medium stock base oil produced from the vacuum distillates and residual components using the traditional refining methods. It has viscosity 8-9,5 cSt at 100C and 67-70 cSt at 40C. SN 350 is used in lubricant and lubricant additives production, mainly for industrial applications. The main benefits of SN 350 base oils are low sulphur content, high viscosity index, high oxidation stability and good susceptibility to the additives.
Bright Stock(BS150)
Packing: In Flexi Bag By Container
Payment: LC
Loading Port : Busan, Korea
Origin: Japan
Brief Specification(Typical)
- Density : 0.9001
- Kinematic Viscosity 40'c : 464
- Kinematic Viscosity 100'c : 31.07
- Viscosity Index : 97
- Color ASTM : L3
For all seeking BLCO through the OFF OPEC channel we can assist in procuring for your needs. We always deal with the same source when procuring BLCO through the OFF OPEC channel. Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation is and will always be the Seller for Nigerian Crude. Our company claims no rights of owning any oil nor have any right to sell oil. What we can do is provide you with the necessary information to purchase through the OFF OPEC channel and guide you directly through the process.
Beware of Fraud :
*Anyone claiming to be a seller of Nigerian Crude
* Any vessels claiming BLCO for sale on the way to China
* PB upfront
* Not using a top world bank
For more information send us an email and we will responds in the order to which it was received.
Bonny Light oil is a high grade of Nigerian crude oil with high API gravity (low specific gravity), produced within the Niger Delta basin and named after the city of Bonny.
Bonny Light Crude Oil BLCO, FLCO Nigeria
The very low sulfur content of Bonny Light crude makes it a highly desired grade for its low corrosiveness to refinery infrastructure and the lower environmental impact of its byproducts in refinery effluent.
Other grades of Nigerian crude oil are Qua Iboe crude oil, Brass River crude oil, and Forcados crude oil. The Cabinda crude oil is a common grade of crude oil produced in Angola. The Bonny Light is in high demand specifically by American and European refineries. It is therefore a major source of income for the oil-rich Nation
1. The final agreed contract (SPA) in electronic version which is binding both Parties is mutually signed, sealed and registered in Sellers and Buyers banks within 1(one) 2(two) Banking Days after signing. Both banks must be Top50World listed and act under full banking responsibility, except Chinese banks, or others mutually agreed. Seller issues Proforma Invoice plus Platts daily price index and send with SGS / Storage Facility information (including contact details) for Buyer to verify Sellers Ownership verbally at tank storage or SGS no report just a call to them. *) The Buyer and the Seller sign Invoice.
2. Within 5 (five) banking days from contract been lodged in the banks, the seller shall deliver by express courier mail an envelope with original POP documents, to the buyer�?�´s Bank with electronic copy to the buyers email. The set of POP documents to be enclosed after receiving the RWA from the buyers bank are including the following documents:
a. Commercial Invoice together with Copy of Platts price indication for the day of issue
b. Copy of TSR
c. Injection Report pumping in Tanks (SGS Q&Q)
d. Fresh Q&Q issued by SGS or similar at Rotterdam
e. The ATSC issued by NNPC as per delivered format
f. The Certificate of Origin
g. Confirmation for Tank farm, that Seller has full control on this Cargo to be issued by NNPC in Original
h. Unconditional Dip Test Authorization
i. ATV.
j. The NNPC statement that the TSA (at least with 3 day�´s free, if tanks are longer needed we have to pay for, three days are free to discharge), will be delivered after SPA is mutually signed and sealed
k. Written consent from the Storage Company for the existing storage contract with the seller, to be assigned to the Buyer. The Insurance Policy in three copies assigned to the Buyer as beneficiary while an original to be lodged at the sellers bank, to be exchanged for payment
3. The Buyer dips the tanks
4. The Seller issue Final Invoice together with updated daily Platts index extract
5. Within 3 (three) banking days from receipt and verification of the POP documents Buyers bank issues to the Sellers bank the Ready, Willing and Able (RWA) to secure payment for the commodity
6. Within 3 (three) banking days Sellers bank after verification of RWA, transfers the set of payment documents and Buyers bank issue the Pay Order in DAP (Documents Against Payment) format
7. Buyer takes over the Commodity inside the Storage Tanks.
