Activated carbon (also known as active carbon or activated charcoal), is an artificial carbonaceous (carbon-rich) material. It is typically made from wood, but also can be made using bamboo, coconut husk, peat, woods, coir, lignite, coal, pitch, and other dense carbon sources. There are a variety of similar substances that fall under the general classification of activated carbon such as activated coal and activated coke, but they all share the properties of vast surface area per mass, exceptional microporosity, and a composition of almost exclusively elemental carbon.
The pore structure of activated carbon can be seen with an electron microscope and is primarily responsible for its usefulness. Microscopes show a surface honeycombed with holes and crenelated with ridges which join to a similar structure deeper within the carbon. Due to this structure, a pound of activated carbon, for instance, can have as much as 100 acres of surface area packed into it. These small, low-volume pores allow for increased adsorption capacity (the process of chemical surface bonding, not to be confused with absorption) and allow more reactions between the carbon and other media. Activated carbon is therefore highly valued in filtering, deodorization, medical, and chemical applications, as most contaminants easily bind to it and remain trapped in the carbon microstructure via many small distance-dependent atomic attractions (known as London dispersion forces).
Because carbon is produced through a relatively inexpensive and simple series of activation processes, it is widely available for applications; however, activated carbon must be constantly changed as it becomes clogged with contaminants, water, and becomes a breeding ground for dangerous microorganisms after a certain contact time. This means activated carbon is constantly produced to meet the demands of its uses and is kept in large supply to ensure no delay exists in the replacement process.
How to Make Activated Carbon
The production process of activated carbon, or the activation of carbon, exists in two forms. A carbonaceous source such as wood, coal, peat, or any organic carbonaceous material is carbonized, which means the pure carbon is extracted by a heating method known as pyrolysis. Once the material is carbonized, the material needs to be oxidized or treated with oxygen either by exposure to CO2 or steam or by an acid-base chemical treatment. The sections below will briefly detail these processes.
Unidirectional carbon fiber fabric is a type of composite material that consists of carbon fibers arranged in a single direction within a matrix material, typically epoxy resin. The carbon fibers in unidirectional fabric are aligned parallel to each other, which gives the material its name, "unidirectional."
Directional Strength: Unidirectional carbon fiber fabric exhibits exceptional strength in the direction of the fibers. This characteristic is particularly advantageous when a component or structure primarily experiences loads along a specific axis.
Lightweight: Carbon fibers are renowned for their low density, contributing to the lightweight nature of unidirectional fabric. This attribute is crucial in applications where weight reduction is critical.
High Stiffness: Carbon fibers have a high modulus of elasticity, resulting in a stiff material. This stiffness minimizes deflection under load, which is important in applications where structural rigidity is paramount.
Tailorability: Unidirectional carbon fiber fabric can be customized to meet specific requirements. Engineers can adjust the fiber orientation, the type of matrix material (commonly epoxy resin), and the number of plies to tailor the mechanical properties for different applications.
Corrosion Resistance: Carbon fibers are inherently corrosion-resistant, making unidirectional fabric suitable for use in harsh environments, where protection against environmental factors is essential.
Fatigue Resistance: These materials are highly resistant to fatigue, ensuring a long service life even under cyclic loading conditions.
Thermal Conductivity: Carbon fibers have relatively low thermal conductivity, which can be advantageous in applications where thermal insulation or minimal heat transfer is required.
Balanced Anisotropy: Unidirectional fabric offers anisotropic properties, meaning its mechanical characteristics vary with orientation. Engineers can harness this anisotropy by combining multiple layers or orientations of fabric to achieve balanced mechanical properties in different directions.
High Cost: Unidirectional carbon fiber fabric can be expensive due to the cost of carbon fibers and the manufacturing process. However, the high performance and durability of the material can often justify the cost in applications where its unique properties are essential.
Structural Strengthening: Unidirectional carbon fiber composites can be used to reinforce and strengthen existing building structures, such as bridges, beams, columns, and slabs. This technique can help extend the service life of older buildings or structures that require additional load-bearing capacity.
Seismic Retrofitting: In regions prone to seismic activity, unidirectional carbon fiber composites can be applied to enhance the seismic resistance of buildings by improving their structural integrity. This retrofitting helps reduce the risk of damage during earthquakes.
Coal-based Activated Carbon with Powder
Powdered activated carbon (PAC) is a fine black powder that is produced by heating carbon-rich materials, such as coal, wood, or coconut shells, in the absence of air to create activated carbon. PAC is widely used in various applications, including water treatment, air purification, gas processing, and industrial processes.
Powdered Activated Carbon
Powdered activated carbon (PAC) is a fine black powder that is produced by heating carbon-rich materials, such as coal, wood, or coconut shells, in the absence of air to create activated carbon. PAC is widely used in various applications, including water treatment, air purification, gas processing, and industrial processes.
In water treatment, PAC is added to the water to remove organic contaminants, such as pesticides, solvents, and pharmaceuticals, as well as taste and odor-causing compounds. The PAC particles attract and adsorb these contaminants, effectively removing them from the water. PAC is also used in wastewater treatment to remove dissolved organic compounds and color from the wastewater.
The complete recycling of waste tires will greatly increase the added value and application range of the product. it can be used to produce rubber products such as heavy-duty truck tires and high- performance conveyor belts; shock absorbers for high-end equipment such as automobiles, engines, high-speed rail bridges, and lightweight interior materials for automobiles.
Pyrolysis carbon black ELD 660 can replace 20-40% carbon black.
Charcoal pellet is made from quality rice husks charcoal and blocked with diameter according to request and needs, and dried using an oven until completely dry.It is used for Biomass fuel and industrial heating.
Weight: 1 liter net (weight without packaging)
Type: powder, granulation 0.02-10.0 mm
Disposable packaging
Smell: odorless
Composition: 100% activated carbon
comes from organic hazel cultivation.
there is practically no dusty fraction, and the resulting grains have even, sharp edges.
Bulk density: bulk density 0.39-045 g/cm3
Volume: 1 liter / about 600 grams.
About active carbon
0.2-10.00mm Activated Carbon Granules (also known as Activated Carbon) filter out any harmful chemicals, heavy metals, mold, fungi that you don't want in your soil for your plants. Add it just above the drainage layer or mix it with plant soil to filter.
Activated carbon is also great for drinking water filtration, swimming pool, aquarium. They are available in convenient and resealable 250 ml bags.
Fights mold, fungus and harmful bacteria.
Odor prevention
100x larger surface compared to charcoal
One of the main benefits is the reduction of unpleasant odors, which works well for plants and aquariums.
Benefits of activated carbon
By adding activated carbon to the soil, you protect the root system from possible pests and mold. While it doesn't provide 100% protection, it does provide an extra security barrier. It also creates a more grainy and airy soil structure, preventing excessive soil moisture.
The benefits of activated carbon for plants
In the garden we add activated carbon to both the soil mix and the drainage layer so water is retained by the activated carbon in each 'cycle' maximizing its effect the mold reduction is amazing. activated carbon accumulates and retains water creates microflora in the soil by collecting water, fertilizers and nutrient for plants in its pores, prevents plants from dying during drought. Used with liquid fertilizer, it supplements nitrogen and minerals needed for proper plant growth.
What makes charcoal "active"?
By subjecting the wood to carbonization and the action of high temperatures and steam, the pores expand, creating many small porous "air pockets". These pockets form the basis of the activated carbon's adsorption potential, making it approximately 100 times more effective (larger surface area) than regular charcoal. price is given for 1 liter
Hulani International are manufacture and supplier, high quality Activated Carbons to industry and water treatment plants in granular, powdered, and extruded forms, made from diverse raw materials including various grades of coal, and wood. All our activated carbon products are derived from high quality raw material thereby assuring greater purity and superior performance through higher surface area & more pore volume per gram. We would also appreciate your help in making contact and getting acquainted with those businesses.
Registration/affiliation: Hulani International has obtained the following certificates from the Government of India: Goods and Service Tax, Import Export Code, Federation of Indian Export Organisation.
GSTIN - 24AAPFH9810E1ZC
IEC - AAPFH9810E
FIEO - RCMC/FIEO/03399/2023-24
Target customers: Importers, Wholesalers, Traders, Supplier of Ceramics product, Plastic product like a LLDPE powder (HSN Code:39011010) and many more.
We look forward to your cooperation. If our specifications match each other, we can develop a good business together. If you send me the list of buyers of my product, I will be very grateful.
Porosity: Coconut shell activated carbon possesses a significant number of pores, including micropores, mesopores, and macropores. These pores provide a large surface area for adsorption and enhance its capacity to trap and remove contaminants.
High adsorption efficiency: Due to its porous structure, coconut shell activated carbon has an exceptional ability to adsorb a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), chlorine, heavy metals, and other impurities.
Chemical stability: Coconut shell activated carbon exhibits excellent chemical stability, making it resistant to acidic and alkaline environments. It retains its adsorption capacity even in challenging conditions, ensuring consistent performance over time.
Renewable and sustainable: Coconut shell activated carbon is derived from a natural and renewable source, making it an environmentally friendly choice. Utilizing coconut shells as a raw material reduces the reliance on non-renewable resources and supports sustainable practices.
Applications of coconut shell activated carbon include:
Water treatment: It is widely used in water filtration systems, both for municipal and industrial purposes. It effectively removes chlorine, taste and odor compounds, organic pollutants, and other contaminants, improving the overall water quality.
Air purification: Coconut shell activated carbon is used in air filters and respirators to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs), harmful gases, and unpleasant odors from the air, creating a healthier and safer indoor environment.
Chemical and pharmaceutical industries: It finds applications in the purification of chemicals and pharmaceutical products by adsorbing impurities, colorants, and unwanted odors.
Gold recovery: Activated carbon derived from coconut shells is used in the extraction of gold from ore by adsorbing gold complexes from cyanide leach solutions.
Environmental remediation: It is utilized in the cleanup of soil and groundwater contaminated with hazardous substances, as it can adsorb and remove a wide range of pollutants.
Food and beverage industry: Coconut shell activated carbon is employed in the purification of beverages, such as water, fruit juices, and alcoholic drinks, to remove impurities, odors, and off-flavors.
Activated carbon, also known as activated charcoal, is a highly porous form of carbon that has been specially processed to have a large surface area and a vast network of internal pores and channels. It is created from various carbonaceous materials such as coal, wood, coconut shells, or petroleum coke through a process called activation.
The activation process involves subjecting the carbonaceous material to high temperatures (typically between 600 to 900 degrees Celsius) in the presence of an activating agent, which is usually steam or carbon dioxide. This process causes the material to undergo physical and chemical changes, resulting in the development of an extensive internal pore structure.
High Adsorption Capacity: Activated carbon has an exceptional ability to adsorb (attach) molecules onto its surface. The porous structure provides a large surface area per unit mass, allowing it to effectively adsorb a wide range of impurities, contaminants, and pollutants from gases, liquids, and solutions. This makes it useful for purification, filtration, and detoxification processes.
Chemical Inertness: Activated carbon is chemically stable and does not react with most substances, making it compatible with a wide range of applications. It is resistant to acids, bases, and other corrosive chemicals, allowing it to maintain its effectiveness and integrity during use.
Wide Range of Pore Sizes: Activated carbon possesses a distribution of pore sizes, including micropores, mesopores, and macropores. The presence of different pore sizes enables it to adsorb various molecules of different sizes. Micropores, in particular, provide a high surface area for adsorption of smaller molecules.
Water purification: Activated carbon is extensively used in water treatment processes, including municipal water treatment, household water filters, and industrial applications. It can remove contaminants like chlorine, pesticides, heavy metals, and organic compounds, improving the taste, odor, and overall quality of water.
Chemical and gas purification: The adsorptive properties of activated carbon make it an excellent material for purifying gases and chemicals. It can remove impurities, toxins, and unwanted compounds from industrial processes, laboratory settings, and exhaust streams, ensuring cleaner and safer surroundings.
Environmental remediation: Activated carbon is used in environmental cleanup and remediation projects to remove pollutants and contaminants from soil, groundwater, and sediments. It can effectively adsorb and immobilize substances like heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial chemicals, reducing their impact on the environment.
Medical and pharmaceutical applications: Activated carbon is utilized in medical and pharmaceutical fields for various purposes. It is employed in emergency poison treatment to adsorb toxins and drugs ingested accidentally. It is also used in filtration systems for kidney dialysis to remove waste products from blood.
Deodorization: Due to its high adsorption capacity, activated carbon is commonly employed as a deodorizing agent. It can eliminate foul odors caused by rotting food, chemicals, smoke, or sewage, making it useful in air fresheners, litter boxes, refrigerators, and wastewater treatment plants.
