MRL-1800/MRL1805:horizontal honing machine is specially designed for the processing of small and medium-sized small hole parts: the machine tool feed system and size control system are purely mechanical structures, stable and reliable small and medium-sized workpieces, high precision, can be ground, high precision, operation convenient. LH100/CH100:Maximum precision, corrects distortion caused by warpage and cap stretch ï¼?Meets or exceeds original factory accuracy for alignment, roundness and sizeï¼?Fast, easy setupï¼?Ease of operation, no special training required. MVR-220:MVR-220 machine tool is designed for large and medium-sized production of large parts: including various automotive engine block trial workshop processing, automotive engine refurbishment maintenance, various automotive cylinder repair and maintenance industries, large diesel engine connecting rod processing, large compressor cylinder Body processing, compressor cylinders for train air conditioning, oilfield components, porous natural gas/diesel cylinders, various cylinder liners, brake drums, large hydraulic components, and other similar applications. DWVH-200-620:We really appreciate your concern about high precision vitical honing machine produced by our company, It's a chance for us to introduce the vitical honing equipment,and we will provide a suitable solution according to your requirment. This is a brief about one of our vitical honing equipments, which called double and Plateau DWVH-200-620 vertical honing machine.Certainly,the machine will carry more efficiencies to your enterprise .
This is a highly efficient and versatile solution designed for the assembly and pasting of footwear uppers to soles. Equipped with advanced features and temperature control, this conveyor streamlines the assembly process and ensures precise bonding. Automatic Temperature Control: The single layer design comes with automatic temperature controllers, providing consistent and accurate heat for effective bonding. Near Infra Red (NIR) Heaters: The inclusion of NIR heaters enables rapid drying of the gluing layer in the vamp and bottom, enhancing production efficiency. Speed Control Drive: The conveyor offers flexibility with speed control, allowing you to adjust the conveyor belt's speed based on different materials, resulting in improved product quality and yield. Customizable Length: The conveyor's oven length can be customized to meet specific needs. Additionally, its easy installation and disassembly make it convenient to use. Efficient Hot Air Circulation: The conveyor incorporates a hot air circulation system, which optimizes electric consumption, ensuring energy efficiency during operation. Automatic Temperature Control: Each oven section's temperature is automatically controlled and can be adjusted independently, providing ease of operation. Durable Build: The conveyor's outer appearance is coated with plastic powder, making it wear-resistant, anti-oxidizing, and durable, ensuring long-lasting performance. Model No. BS-2110 Structure Mild Steel & Stainless Steel Gear Motor ABP/ Bharat Bijli/ Crompton Heating Chambers 6 + 8 + 8 Feet (standard) Heater Options NIR Lamps or Air Heaters Chamber Sizes Available 6, 8, 10, 12 Feet Electrical Fittings L&T or Schneider Electrical Wirings Polycab & RR Temperature Controller Delta/ Multispan/ Alfa Speed Controller VDF (Delta) Length 44 Feet (can be customized as per requirement) Dimensions 44 x 4 x 3.5 Feet (standard) Weight 900 Kg
Discover our premium Prescription Safety Glasses With Side Shields, featuring lenses made of high-quality polycarbonate material for superior impact resistance. Designed to protect against small particles, wind, sand, splash, and UV rays, they also boast anti-fog technology for clarity in varying temperatures. Easily adaptable, these glasses allow for the installation of prescription lenses for those with myopia, while protective plates on both sides prevent side impacts. Ideal for laboratories, construction sites, carpentry, and industrial work, they can be customized with green or orange lenses for welding tasks. Crafted from impact-resistant PC material, the frame offers a blend of fashion and functionality, ensuring both style and protection. The rubber-wrapped temples provide a non-slip effect for secure and comfortable wear. Versatile for various environments, including laboratory work, construction sites, welding, and industrial tasks, our safety glasses are your go-to choice for reliable eye protection, no matter the setting or task at hand.
Construction safety glasses feature durable PC lenses with scratch-resistant and anti-fog coatings, suitable for various situations. Offering a clear field of vision, these glasses provide everyday protection and are ideal for sensitive eyes in special environments. Designed with a wrap-around frame, these glasses ensure easy storage and prevent debris from entering the eyes during outdoor activities or projects. For enhanced comfort, soft silicone pads on the temples and nose reduce pressure, allowing for extended wear. Ventilation holes in the brow bar and nose pads maintain a comfortable environment around the eyes and nose in diverse situations. Featuring removable nose pads for extended use, these glasses offer three vertical adjustment points to accommodate different nose heights. Securely fastened to a rope with small holes at the end, they provide stability during outdoor adventures or in specific environments. These glasses are suitable for use in laboratories, dental clinics, welding sites, construction sites, carpentry, lawn mowing, painting, as well as in pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and food industries.
Composite Insulator for Sale Composite insulator is a special type of insulator composed of high-strength fiberglass rods and polyester resin impregnated materials. The advantage of this kind of insulator is that it has excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and anti-aging properties, which can effectively improve the safety and reliability of transmission lines. At the same time, composite insulators are light in weight, small in size, easy to install and maintain, and can effectively reduce the operating costs of transmission lines. In addition, the mechanical and electrical properties of composite insulators are superior to traditional porcelain insulators, which can effectively improve the safety and reliability of transmission lines. Features of Composite Insulator A composite insulator, also called a dielectric or nonconductor, is a material that resists the flow of electric current. This type of silicone rubber material is used in parts of electrical equipment intended to support or separate electrical conductors without passing current through itself. The term is also used more specifically to refer to insulating supports that attach electric power transmission wires to utility poles or pylons. Composite insulators are less costly, lighter in weight, and have excellent hydrophobic capability. This combination makes them ideal for service in polluted areas. However, these materials do not yet have the long-term proven service life of glass and porcelain.
Mine Self Priming Dewatering Pump, End Suction Dewatering Sewage Electric Water Dewatering vertical Pump, Cosmos Durable Submersible Dewatering Drainage Water Pump for Sewage (Mines, construction quarries, coal mine & slurry). Submersible Seawater-Resistant Dewatering Pumps Sewage Sludge Water Pump And Heavy Duty Anti-Abrasion Motor Drive High Hardness Alloy Double Casing Dewatering Slurry Pump for Industrial Applications. Electric Chemical Process Oil Industrial Power Plant Well Point Dewatering Dry Self Priming Pump. Submersible Dewatering Mining and Construction Sewage Cosmos Electric High Chrome Impeller Water Pump. A single stage pump has a simple structure. It has stable performance. This pump has high speed. Small volume. It has lightweight than a multistage pump. It has high efficiency. Large flow. These pumps have an easy operation and repairing. Single-stage centrifugal pumps are available in horizontal, vertical, single-suction, double-suction designs. It has easy maintenance. Long service life. Highly reliable.
Digital plethysmometers can indeed be used to measure edema in rodent models. Here's how they can be applied for this purpose: Paw Volume Measurement: One common method involves measuring changes in paw volume as an indicator of edema formation. The rodent's paw is placed in a chamber connected to the digital plethysmometer. By measuring the displacement of water or air caused by the paw, the instrument can accurately quantify changes in paw volume over time. Inflammatory Models: In research settings, edema is often induced by inflammatory stimuli such as carrageenan injection or trauma. Digital plethysmometers allow researchers to monitor the progression of edema by measuring changes in paw volume at various time points post-induction. Drug Screening: Researchers can use digital plethysmometers to evaluate the efficacy of anti-inflammatory drugs or compounds in reducing edema formation. By comparing paw volume measurements between treated and untreated groups, the effectiveness of potential therapeutics can be assessed. Genetic Studies: Digital plethysmometers are also useful in studying the genetic basis of edema formation. By comparing edema responses between different strains of rodents or genetically modified models, researchers can identify genes or pathways involved in regulating inflammation and fluid accumulation. Longitudinal Monitoring: Digital plethysmometers enable longitudinal monitoring of edema progression and resolution over time. This longitudinal approach provides valuable insights into the dynamics of edema formation and the temporal effects of interventions.
There are the detailed stipulation in GMP Standard for preparation of water ,storage ,distribution . They should be no growth of microorganism and contamination .The material of storage and conveying pipeline should be non-toxic ,anti-corrosion , the design of pipeline and installation should be no dead leg , blind tube .The storage and pipeline should been cleaned ,sterilized regularly . Air vent should been equipped with hydrophobic sterilizing filter . Brief Instruction: There are four type for choice ,such as tree effect, four tree effect , five effect ,six effect , customer can choose which kind of type according to need . The feature of our equipment : 1.More cost ,safer,more effect . 2.Conclusion under specified operation parameters,the quality of water by multi effect still is steady ,reliable . 3.Objective to find out the factors influencing the quality of water by multi effect still ,if according to magnitude of influenced importance is feed water quality ,steam quality ,flow of feed water inlet,flow of the cooling water .
TS-M1020D is an 8*12mm ultra-small size Bluetooth low power ultra-low cost Bluetooth module, the module is a Bluetooth 5.2 chip, integrated BLE+SPP dual Bluetooth protocol, with excellent stability and compatibility. Module default Bluetooth serial port transparent transmission, the user can change the serial port baud rate, device name and other parameters according to the provided AT instructions, flexible operation and simple use. Suitable for various development projects of customers. Model No.: TS-M1020D Features Bluetooth Version: BLE 4.2+SPP 3.0 Frequency Band: 2.402GHz-2.480GHz ISM band TX Power: -20dBm~+4dBm Receive Sensitivity: -95dBm Air Rate: 250Kbps/1Mbps/2Mbps Antenna: Ceramic Antenna Advise Range: 80m Memory: 256KB FLASH+128KB RAM Size: 12*8*1.5mm Pin/GPIO: 12/7 Power Supply: 3.1~4.35V Operating Temperature: -20 ~+85 Peripheral Interface: UART/SPI/I2C/ADC Serial Transparent Transmission Rate: BLE 4KB/s, SPP 16KB/s Applications Smart home Location tracking Intelligent educational equipment Measurement and monitoring system Industrial sensors and controls Medical equipment monitoring and wireless control
Product Dehydrated Kiwi Slice Low Sugar With SO2 Description Fresh sound ripe Kiwi which has been peeled, slicing, sulfiting, washing , boiling , syrupping and process by hot air dehydration. Dehydrated Kiwi is free flowing, non sticky and clump free. Packing 4 bagsX 5 kgs per box. Shelf Life 12 months under recommended storage. Storage Store in cool dry ( = 70% ( >=25 mm width, >=30mm length, 3-7 mm thick) Foreign matter visual Target absent - Plant component and other fruit contamination less than 2% by weight - Small black spot less than 5% by weight Chemical Characteristics Method Specification Moisture Content Moisture Balancer 16 % Max Sulphur dioxide Distillation& Titration 100 ppm Max Total Sugar Titration 65-78 % Water Activity Aqua Lab 0.70 Max Microbiological analysis Method Specification Total Plate Count Plate count
Product Dehydrated Kiwi Slice Low Sugar With SO2 Description Fresh sound ripe Kiwi which has been peeled, slicing, sulfiting, washing , boiling , syrupping and process by hot air dehydration. Dehydrated Kiwi is free flowing, non sticky and clump free. Packing 4 bagsX 5 kgs per box. Shelf Life 12 months under recommended storage. Storage Store in cool dry ( = 70% ( >=25 mm width, >=30mm length, 3-7 mm thick) Foreign matter visual Target absent - Plant component and other fruit contamination less than 2% by weight - Small black spot less than 5% by weight Chemical Characteristics Method Specification Moisture Content Moisture Balancer 16 % Max Sulphur dioxide Distillation& Titration 100 ppm Max Total Sugar Titration 65-78 % Water Activity Aqua Lab 0.70 Max Microbiological analysis Method Specification Total Plate Count Plate count
The Seeding Fertilizing Machine combine the seeds and fertilizers in one box, and work separately to ensure that both materials are accurately sown in the fields. The Yongxiang 600L Dual Hopper Seeding Fertilizing Machine is perfectly suited for spreading all common types of small seeds and and fertilizer together. Support customization of your needs according to your tracktor power and farmland conditions. YongXiang offers a combined 12 rows pneumatic seeder, 12 rows fertilizer box, radar sensor, rotary tiller with plough, land roller, profile modelling four-bar linkage and stepping assembly. In order to maintain the stability of the working depth, the working parts of the seeding machine are generally hinged to the frame through a profiling mechanism, so that the working parts can follow the ups and downs of the terrain during work. The Yongxiang SeedHub system with Intelligent tablet APP, central control system and radar sensor ensures precise distribution of seeds and fertilizer even in windy conditions. Using the electrically controlled metering shaft, the seed enters the air channel where it is conveyed by the blower fan to the ends through plastic hoses.
The Seeding Machine is combined with 12 Rows 300L pneumatic seeder, radar sensor, land roller and profile modelling four-bar linkage. This allows farmers to utilise the optimal time for sowing or fertilizing and benefit from saving crops volume and labor cost. The Yongxiang 12 rows Seeding Machine is perfectly suited for spreading all common types of small seeds, seed mixtures, and fertilizer. Support customization of your needs according to farmland conditions. YongXiang offers a combined 300L pneumatic seeder, radar sensor, land roller and profile modelling four-bar linkage. In order to maintain the stability of the working depth, the working parts of the seeding machine are generally hinged to the frame through a profiling mechanism, so that the working parts can follow the ups and downs of the terrain during work. The Yongxiang SeedHub with Intelligent tablet APP, central control system and radar sensor ensures precise distribution even in windy conditions. Using the electrically controlled metering shaft, the seed enters the air channel where it is conveyed by the blower fan to the ends through plastic hoses. A large selection of seed hopper sizes, seed roller and seed rows allow us to offer you a customized solution for every need and budget, and to save seeds/fertilizer volume and labor cost.
Product Description Roots vacuum pump is a dry positive displacement pump. They operate on the Roots principle, which is similar to that of rotary vane pumps. These pumps are the ideal solution when fast pumping speeds are required. In the case of contactless, oil-free compression Roots booster pumps, two symmetrical cams rotate in the working chamber. During this process, the rotating blades do not come into contact with each other or the housing. Roots vacuum pumps are often used in pumping stations in combination with oil-lubricated rotary vane pumps to achieve very high volume flows and deep final vacuums. Benyuan's three-lobes roots vacuum pump is an internationally advanced roots blower produced by importing and digesting patents and proprietary technology from the American Hibar company and utilizing the company's advanced manufacturing processes. Features 1. Air cooling. Pressure rises to -50 kpa 2. Small size, lightweight, dual-purpose for both vertical and horizontal use, convenient to replace European and American models 3. High-speed, energy-saving 4. Belt self-tensioning technology, easy to use and maintain 5.Impedance-integrated composite muffler with good noise reduction effect
Pneumatic valve is a valve driven by compressed air. When purchasing pneumatic valves, only the specification, type and working pressure are specified to meet the purchase requirements, which can be used to control the flow of air, water, steam, various corrosive media, mud, oil, liquid metal, radioactive media and other types of fluids. Sudhanafluid pneumatic valve series: butterfly valve The butterfly plate of the butterfly valve is installed in the diameter direction of the pipeline. In the cylindrical channel of the butterfly valve body, the disc-shaped butterfly plate rotates around the axis and the rotation angle is between 0 �° and 90 �°. When it rotates to 90 �°, the valve plate is fully open. The butterfly valve is simple in structure, small in size, light in weight and only composed of a few parts. It can be opened and closed quickly by rotating 90 �°, and the operation is simple. At the same time, the valve has good fluid control characteristics. When the butterfly valve is in the fully open position, the thickness of the butterfly plate is the resistance when the medium flows through the valve body, so the pressure drop generated by the valve is very small, so it has good flow control characteristics. The butterfly valve has two types of seal: elastic seal and metal seal. Elastic sealing valve, the sealing ring can be embedded on the valve body or attached to the periphery of the butterfly plate. Valves with metal seals generally have a longer service life than those with elastic seals, but it is difficult to achieve complete sealing. Metal seal can adapt to higher working temperature, while elastic seal has the defect of being limited by temperature. If the butterfly valve is required to be used as flow control, the main thing is to select the correct size and type of valve. The structural principle of butterfly valve is particularly suitable for making large-diameter valves. Butterfly valves are not only widely used in oil, gas, chemical, water treatment and other general industries, but also used in cooling water systems of thermal power plants. The commonly used butterfly valves include wafer butterfly valve and flange butterfly valve. Wafer butterfly valve is to connect the valve between two pipe flanges with stud bolts. Flange butterfly valve is to connect the flanges on both ends of the valve to the pipe flange with bolts.
1. It is suitable for medical staff to change dressings for emergency care of patients, etc. 2. The main body is composed of aluminum, steel, ABS new material engineering structure, four-column load-bearing. 3. High-quality ABS engineering plastic design, double-layer bottom surface injection molding process molding table, concave design can prevent items from slipping, 304 stainless steel fence on three sides, transparent soft glass on the table, 4. Front: Central control lock, three-fold silent track, The ABS material of each drawer tray can be taken out for easy cleaning. The ABS swallowtail butterfly drawer The handle is sealed with a slot-type identification plate to prevent liquid and dust from entering. The area of the label is designed according to ergonomic principles. The slot-type is tilted upwards for easy viewing. The inner layer of the handle is thickened with abrasives for a more solid feel. There is ABS defibrillation on the table The instrument platform can be rotated 360�°, one hidden telescopic 304 stainless steel infusion stand, and the table is equipped with: one ABS defibrillator platform 5. Back: One oxygen bottle holder, one cardiopulmonary resuscitation press version, one 5-meter power socket 6. On the left side: hidden auxiliary work desk, a storage basket. 7. Right side: two ABS dirt buckets, one storage basket, two sharps boxes. 8. Four luxury swivel caster plug-in silent casters (two with brake function and two without brake), which can be used in any situation. The caster material is high-strength polyurethane, anti-curling, anti-static , Flexible and convenient to move. Five drawers Drawer the height of the drawer surface There are two small drawers 7 cm Two middle drawers 12 cm A large drawer 24 cm A large drawer 24 cm
Description: PDC cutter is mainly applicable for PDC drilling bit for drilling into soft and intermediate-hardness stratum. Details The specifications of PDC cutter for oil drilling bits(PDC Rock Cutter for Oil Well Drilling Bits) 1.PDC - F (flat cutter ):The flat surface combines small specification size to be applicable to PCD auger to protect through area, with other drill not into the use, such as measure tool etc. 2.PDC-C (claw cutter):The teeth of a saw type combines. The increment concludes to match of the strength reduced interface in response to the dint. The usage takes directive. The medium etc. anti- impact uses thicker diamond grain, the increment drills into the efficiency. Diamond layer 1.2 2.0 MM can be provided as choice. Apply softer geologic strata. 3.PDC-Sstreng the ned daw: The wreath form combines central part to take several teeth of a saw type to have directive but not easy confirmation to have stronger anti- sex to pound at function to bear to whet sex senior high school etc. the diamond grain apply medium soft bear to whet geologic strata, diamond layer 1.5 2.5 MM can be provided as choice. 4.PDC-G (great strengthened claw)Three layers of complicated structure, biggest of reduce internal help dint, take to drill into the direction, high anti- impact, be applicable to more complicated geologic strata, medium thick diamond grain, have good of comprehensive function, diamond layer 2.0 3.0 MM can be provided as possible. 5.PDC-C S C-R Can choose a variety to combine a way, empress the department present a semicircle type, being applicable to just body auger. Applications of PDC cutter: Petroleum Oil field PDC bits The diamond drill bit is used in nearly all applications including geothermal energy drilling, mining, water well and natural gas drilling, and oil well drilling. Total depths range from 100' to 20,000'. PDC cutters are widely used for petroleum and oil field PDC bit, geological PDC exploration bits, gas exploration bits, PDC coal mining drill bits. PDC is mainly applicable for PDC drilling bit for drilling into soft and intermediate-hardness stratum.
Overview of electric high platform ball valve: The electric high platform ball valve adopts a high platform design, which can be directly installed with the actuator without the need for a bracket, which provides convenience for product installation and replacement, and has the characteristics of small flow resistance and large flow capacity. The difference between the electric high platform ball valve and the ordinary ball valve with bracket is that it occupies a small space and has a compact structure. The disadvantage is that it is not resistant to high temperature, and the temperature is transmitted to the cylinder, and the rubber ring in the cylinder is easy to age. Although the ordinary ball valve and the actuator need to be installed with a bracket and a connecting shaft, the heat dissipation function is stronger. Usually, the pipeline with a high temperature usually adopts a ball valve with a bracket, which can avoid damage to the actuator due to high temperature and prolong the service life. service life. Electric high platform ball valve features: 1. It adopts high platform ISO5211 standard design, and it can be connected and installed with the actuator without other brackets and connecting shafts. 2. It adopts silica sol precision casting, beautiful appearance, tight and reliable, good sealing performance and wide application range. 3. Anti-static function, a spring is set between the ball, valve stem and valve body, which can discharge the static electricity generated during the switching process. 4. The fluid resistance is small. The full-bore ball valve basically has no flow resistance, and the opening and closing is rapid. It only needs to rotate 90�° from fully open to fully closed, and it is easy to operate. The electric high platform flanged ball valve adopts the spring plunger type electrostatic lead-out device, so that the direct form of static passage between the ball and the valve body or the form of static passage between the ball and the valve body through the stem tube, so that the ball and the valve seat can be The static electricity generated by friction during the switching process is led to the earth through the valve body, preventing fire or explosion that may be caused by static sparks. Static electricity is an objective natural phenomenon, which can be produced in many ways, such as contact and friction. For example, for high platform ball valves, when the ball rubs against the soft-sealed switch, static electricity will be generated. If the pipeline is filled with flammable and explosive media, it is very dangerous. Therefore, a connecting device is installed in the valve to guide the static electricity of the ball to the outside to prevent static electricity. is very important.
Plastic Granulation Machine A plastic granulation machine, also known as a plastic granulator or plastic pelletizer, is a device used to transform plastic waste into small, uniform plastic pellets or granules. These pellets can be used as raw materials for various plastic manufacturing processes, such as injection molding, extrusion, and blow molding. Working Principles Feeding: Plastic waste, such as discarded plastic products or post-industrial plastic scraps, is fed into the machine's hopper or feeding system. The waste is usually in the form of larger pieces or chunks. Shredding: The plastic waste is first shredded into smaller pieces using blades or knives. This step helps in reducing the size of the plastic and preparing it for further processing. Grinding: The shredded plastic is then further reduced in size through grinding. Grinding mechanisms, such as rotating blades or a rotor, break down the plastic waste into even smaller particles. This process increases the surface area of the plastic, making it easier to melt and form into pellets. Melting and Extrusion: The ground plastic particles are fed into a heating chamber within the granulator machine. Heat is applied to melt the plastic particles. The molten plastic is then forced through a die or a screen with small holes to create cylindrical strands or filaments. The strands are formed by the action of rotating screws or rollers within the machine. Cutting and Cooling: As the strands exit the machine, they are cut into uniform lengths by a cutting mechanism. This results in the formation of plastic pellets or granules. The pellets are usually cooled using air or water to solidify them and prevent sticking or clumping. In some cases, a vibrating system is used to separate and cool the pellets. Collection and Packaging: The plastic pellets are collected and stored in containers or bags. They are then ready to be used as raw material in various plastic manufacturing processes, including injection molding, extrusion, or blow molding. The entire process is typically controlled and monitored by a control panel that allows operators to adjust parameters such as temperature, speed, and cutting length to achieve the desired pellet quality and production efficiency.
B&K (hongkong) Mining Trading Company was established in 1990. It has been engaged in domestic and foreign mining trade and has very professional technical support for various minerals and mineral extraction. The largest imported and exported product is mercury. Our mercury has been proven in gold processing plants, chlor-alkali electrolysis, the thermometer industry, the manufacture of fluorescent tubes, batteries and button cells, the scrap metal industry, the manufacture of pressure testing equipment (eg: relays, sphygmomanometers) and in modern dental applications -Basic information is as follows: -Product name: Mercury -Other names: quick/hydrargyrum/hydrargyria -Cas number: 12778-65-3 / 7439-97-6 -EINECS number: 231-106-7 -Appearance: silver liquid -Odor: None -Purity: 99% -Molecular formula: Hg -Molecular weight: 200.59 -Applications: Applications in various fields, mostly used for mineral extraction and gold smelting / Mercury 99.9999 Suprapur. CAS 7439-97-6, pH (HO) neutral. -Packaging specifications: Wood seal Sealed flask (1kg / 5kg / 17.5kg / 34.5kg) -Outer packaging: Customized service available, only logo on the flask -Transportation: Air freight (small order) / Sea freight (large order) -Transportation time: shipped 3 days after payment. The transportation time varies depending on the destination, basically 7-15 days (3-5 days for small orders, 7-15 days for large orders) -Payment: TT, WU, Moneyfram, bank transfer, btc, usdt, Alipay -Advantages: Fast transactions, direct shipment of goods, integration of industry and trade
