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4-Hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical Name:4-Hydroxybenzoic acid Trade Name:p-oxybenzoic acid Molecular Formula:C7H6O3 Molecular Weight:138.12 CAS No.:99-96-7 Properties:white odorless crystalline powder, easily soluble in hot water and alcohols, aethers and acetone, slightly soluble in cold water and benzene, insoluble in carbon bisulfide; relative density is 1.46 Use: Can be used as antiseptic, intermediate of dyes, pharmaceuticals; as main material of liquid crystal polymers; as material of pesticide intermediate Specification Item Specification Polymer Grade Technical Grade Appearance white crystal powder white crystal powder Purity(on dry base) % 99.6 99.0 Melting Point 214-217 212-216 Odor odorless odorless Solubility Clear and transparent clear and transparent Loss on Drying % 0.20 0.50 Color(Pt-Co) 10 40 Ash % 0.02 0.15 Sulfate(SO42-) 0.01 0.05 Chloride(Cl-) % 0.005 0.02 Phe% 0.01 0.10 Salicylic Acid % 0.02 0.10 4-Hydroxyisophthalic Acid(HIPA) ppm 500 / Insolubles in Metha ppm 50 / Potassium(K+) ppm 5 / Sodium (Na+) ppm 5 / Iron (Fe) ppm 5 / Ca2++Mg2+ppm 5 /

Commodity: Ammonium bicarbonate Food grade Molecular formula:NH4HCO3 Molecule Weight: 79.05 H.S code: 2836994000 CAS: 1066-33-7 Product Physical Properties WHITE POWDER CRYSTAL, SPECIFIC GRAVITY IS 1.586, IT CANDISSOLVE IN WATER, BUT CANT DISSOLVE IN ALCOHOL AND ACETINE. Specifications: Appearance: white free-flowing crystalline powder without agglomeration Purity as Ammonium Bicarbonate ,% by weight 99.5 (minimum) Chloride (as Cl), % by weight 0.20(maximum) Sulphates (as SO4),% by weight 0.10(maximum) Iron (as Fe), % by weight 0.004(maximum) Nonvolatile matter, % by weight 0.10(maximum) Heavy metals (as Pb), ppm 2.50(maximum) Copper (as Cu), ppm 5.0(maximum) Arsenic (as As), ppm 0.6(maximum) Tarry matter To pass test Oil Content Less than 10 ppm Melamine Content NIL USAGE BAKING FOODS SUCH AS CRISP CAKE, BISCUIT ETC. IN ADDITION, ITALSO WIDELY USED IN CHEMICAL FIELD SUCH AS FLOUR BRIGHTENING AGENT,RARE EARTH DEEP PROCESSING, MEDICINE MIDBODY, PLASTICS PROCESSING,ELECTRONIC ELEMENT ETC. PACKING OUTSIDE IS WEAVE BAG OR PAPER BAG, INSIDE IS FOOD PLASTICSBAG, 25KG/BAG. THE PACKING ALSO CAN ACCORDING TO CONSUMERS REQUEST. STORAGE Stored in a cool, ventilated, dry place.

Product Features The purity of the product, calcium and phosphorus ratio appropriate to ensure a higher degree of its biological effects. Phosphorus content greater than 21% of the products, their biological effects better. This unique high-tech companies use technology to make our products crystallization, high purity. Drying process advanced products, products with low free water under the premise that the product does not lose crystallization of water, avoid the product in the drying process for the loss of water caused by crystallization of biological effects of the reduction. coarse particles MDCP in the animals stay in the stomach longer and more conducive to the absorption of calcium phosphate, the product produced by micro-particles MDCP form, without any chemical binder. Specifications Appearance white powder or granule Phosphate  21% min Calcium     15% min Fluorine    0.18% max Arsenic    30ppm max Pb   30ppm max Source of OriginRock Packing and Storage Knitted bags lined polyethylene plastic bags double packaging, Weighing 25Kg. Transportation-and harsh rain. Stored in a cool, ventilated, dry place.

Commodity: Sodium Bisulfite Molecular Formula: NaHSO3 Molecular Weight: 104.06 Properties: White monoclinic crystalline powder with sulfur dioxide odor; relative density: 1.49; very easily soluble in water; can be decomposed when heated; slightly soluble in ethanol; aqueous solution is acidic; has strong reducing property; can be oxidized in the air or loose sulfur dioxide. Quality Standard: HG/T3492-80 Technical Indicator High-purity grade Acrylic grade Food grade Refined grade Industrial grade 1 NaHSO3 % 99.5 Insol. in water % 0.003, 0.005, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05 Chloride(Cl) % 0.003, 0.004 Iron(Fe) % 0.001 0.002 0.005 Heavy metal(Pb) 0.001 Arsenic(As) % 0.0001 Clarity test Qualified Use: It is used in the bleaching of cotton textiles; as reducing agent in dyes, paper-making, leather, chemical synthesis; in the manufacture of pharmaceutical intermediates, developer, food bleacher, antiseptic and anti-oxidants. Packing: In PP woven bag lined with PE bag; paper-plastic composite bag, and kraft paper bag etc. Net wt.: 25/50/1000 kgs/bag or upon clients' request.

Commodity: Sodium Hydrosulfite Other name: Synonyms: Sodium Hydrosulphite; Sodium Dithionite; Dithionous acid, Disodium salt; Sodium Sulfoxylate CAS No.: 7775-14-6 Molecular Weight: 174.10 Chemical Formula: Na2S2O4 Product Description Appearance: White, crystalline powder. Product Feature Odor: Slight irritative. Specific Gravity: Unavailable Solubility: Soluble in water. Density: 2.19 pH: 6-7 pH Test-Method: PH test paper. % Volatiles by volume @ 21C (70F): 0 Boiling Point: Not applicable. Melting Point: >300 C Decomposes. Vapor Pressure (mm Hg): No information found. Bulk Density: ~0.9 Evaporation Rate (BuAc=1): No information found. Application 1. Widely used in textile industry for vat dyeing, reduction cleaning, printing and stripping, textile textile bleaching . 2. bleaching paper pulps , especially mechanical pulps, its the most fittable bleaching agent in pulps. 3. bleaching kaolin clay, fur bleaching and reductive whitening, bleaching of bamboo products and straw products, 4. in mineral, the compound of thiourea and other sulphides. 5. as reducing agent in chemical industry. 6. Sodium hydrosulfite food additive grade is used in foodstuffs, as bleaching agent and preservative dried fruits, dried vegetable, vermicelli, glucose, sugar, rock sugar, caramel, candy, liquid glucose, bamboo shoots, mushrooms and canned mushrooms. Packaging 50kg/100kg net in iron drums with double PVC bags Product Specification/Models NDEX 90%, 88%, 85%. FOOD ADDITIVE Na2S2O4, 90%, 88%, 85%, Fe 20ppm ZincZnOther heavy metal calculated as Pb, 1ppm Water Insolubles05% Shelf Life(month)12

Cmmdity: Aluminum Fluride (Aluminium fluride) ther name: Aluminum trifluride Frmula:AlF3 M.W.:83.98 Prperties: The prduct is a white needle crystal r pwder. SP. GR. 2.8823.13g/ cm3, sublimatin temp. 1272Celsiur scale.Its slightly sluble in water and greatly sluble in HF liquid. The chemical prperty fr the high density aluminum fluride is very steady, but that cntains certain crystal water will be decmpsed int Al23 at high temperature with HF being released. Specificatin: grade chemical cmpsitin % Physical character F Al N2 Fe2342- P25 LI Bulk dity g/cm3 AF-0 61.0 31.5 0.30 0.10 0.06 0.10 0.03 0.5 1.5 AF-1 60.0 31.0 0.40 0.30 0.10 0.6 0.04 1.0 1.3 AF-2 58.0 29.0 2.8 0.30 0.12 1.0 0.04 5.5 0.7 AF-3 58.0 29.0 2.8 0.35 0.12 1.0 0.04 5.5 0.7 Uses: Its mainly used as an adjusting agent fr electrlyte in aluminum smelting by fused salt electrlysis, als in ceramic glaze, catalyst and flux f nnferrus metal metallurgy etc. Brief Intrductin f the Prductin Technics In the Hydrgen Fluride Reacting Furnace which is heated utside, Vitril reacts with Flurite t create the Hydrgen Fluride Gas and Anhydrus Fluride Plaster by heating in the prcess f prducing Aluminum Fluride, then the Hydrgen Fluride Gas react with dry Aluminium Hydrxide in Fluidized Bed t create t Aluminum Fluride and water. Packaging packed in wven PP bags with plastic film inside. Each bag has net weight f 25kgs, 50kgs, 500kgs and 1000kgs.

Commodity: Dicalcium phosphate Feed Grade Use DCP is the feed preparation of raw materials, Animal right to supplement calcium needs. Coarse its products more applicable to the preparation hens, ducks feed, concentrate feed and premix. Product Nature Molecular Formula:CaHPO4·2H2O,Molecular weight:172.09,After drying with loose white powdery crystals or granules. Neutral products, the melting acid, water-soluble, hygroscopicity small, heated to 90 around gradually lose water of crystallization. Product Features The purity of the product, calcium and phosphorus ratio appropriate to ensure a higher degree of its biological effects. Phosphorus content greater than 18% of the products, due to a small amount of MCP, and its biological effects better. This unique high-tech companies use technology to make our products crystallization, high purity and its harmful impurities significantly below standards:HG26362000 Drying process advanced products, products with low free water under the premise that the product does not lose crystallization of water, avoid the product in the drying process for the loss of water caused by crystallization of biological effects of the reduction. Coarse particle DCP in the animals stay in the stomach longer and more conducive to the absorption of calcium phosphate, the product of Micro-particle DCP granulation from mechanical, without any chemical binder. Specifications Appearance white and gray powder/granule Total P 18% min Calcium 21% min  F 0.18% max As 30 ppm max Pb 30 ppm max Packing and Storage Knitted bags lined polyethylene plastic bags double packaging, Weighing 25Kg/50KG/1000Kg. Transportation-and harsh rain. Stored in a cool, ventilated, dry place.

Commodity: Sodium Metabisulphite Molecular formula:Na2S2O5 Molecule Weight:190.10 H.S code:28321000 CAS:7681-57-4 Product Features Appearance : White Or Light Yellow Crystal Powder Odour: Sulfur Dioxide Taste : Salty Melting Poing : 150 Specific Density1.48 Ph : 4.0-4.6 Solubility : Soluble In Water ,insoluble In Alcohol Application: 1. For industry Mordant of printing and dyeing; Dechlorinate of textile after bleaching; Sulphonated agent and reducer of chemical industry and pharmacy; Bleach of paper pulp, bamboo and timber bleach of stapk; Treatment agent of waste water; Rubber solidifying agent ;Perfume industry is served as hydrocarbon perfume aldehyde ; The hide profession employ to do to molt dose and pliable dose and wearproof dose ,The sensitize industry is served as the developing agent reductant and the protection of fixing bath dose and so on; sewage treatment. 2.For food additive Bleach agent (e.g.candies, cake, bamboo shoots, etc);Loose agent (e.g.bread, cracker etc);Antiseptic and germicide (e.g.fruit juice, tinned foodbrews, the cereals food is defended storage etc);Inhibitor and freshen agent (e.g.day lily, seafood, fruit and vegetable etc) Specifications: Na2S2O5 97% min SO2 65% min Fe 0.0015% max water-Insoluble 0.01% max As 0.0001% max PH 4.0-4.6 Packing and Storage Knitted bags lined polyethylene plastic bags double packaging, Weighing 25Kg/50KG/1000Kg/1200kg. Transportation-and harsh rain. Stored in a cool, ventilated, dry place.

Botanical Name: Piper nigrum Plant Family: Piperaceae Country of Origin: India Plant Part: White Peppercorns Growth Method: Wild Harvest Extraction Method: Steam Distillation Color: Clear Consistency: Thin Strength of Aroma: Medium Pepper is a perennial vine of the Piperaceae family indigenous to the Malbar coast of India. It is now cultivated in most tropical parts of the world. Pepper bears clusters of small flowers and small spherical fruits that turn red when they ripen. The berry-like fruits eventually become the peppercorns, and each one bears a single seed. The hot spice of White Pepper is made from its berries. It is the fully mature fruits from which the soft, fleshy outer layers had been ground off before drying. The berries of the pepper plant are called peppercorns and these plants are native to southern Asia. This plant was the main spice the European explorers were looking for when they discovered the New World. It still accounts for one fourth of the spice trade in the world. Did you know that white and black pepper come from the same plant? The white variety is allowed to fully ripen on the vine, as opposed to the black peppercorns, which is why it costs a bit more. The skins are peeled off and the inside of the peppercorn is white. White peppercorns have an earthy flavor whereas black peppercorns simply give heat to a dish. The white ones are popular in Mexican, Indian, and Asian dishes, perhaps because a lot of these recipes are spicy and earthy already and the white pepper complements the overall flavor of the dish. If you want to use white pepper, it is best to buy whole peppercorns because the flavor is longer lasting. Peppercorns start to lose their potency when you grind them, which is why freshly ground pepper is usually recommended.

Castor meal is also variously called castor meal, castor residue, castor extract & de-oiled castor cake Castor meal - the residue obtained from castor cake by the solvent extraction process - is one of the most versatile natural manures. It is truly organic manure which enhances the fertility of the soil without causing any damage or decay. It is enriched with the three big elements vital and conducive to the proper growth of crops - Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium. It also has traces of nutrients like Manganese, Zinc and Copper, thus making it a balanced fertilizer. Moreover, it helps to neutralize the detrimental effects of chemical fertilizers. Apart from their contribution to Nutrients, they have a number of benefits in agriculture, which none of the synthetic fertilizers or pesticides can offer. They bring in the wonderful molecules that nature has designed to help the plants flourish naturally. They provide slow and steady nourishment, stimulation, protection from soil nematodes and insects; improve yields, and quality of product like taste, flavour, amino acid composition etc. The pressed cake obtained after the expression of castor bean. The solvent extracted cake, although rich in protein cannot be used as cattle fodder because of its toxicity. However, it can be used as a fertilizer. The protein content of castor seed meal varies from 21-48% depending upon the extent of decortications. It has an ideal amino acid profile with moderately high Cystine, mithionine, and isoleucine. But its ant nutritional substances, ricin, ricine and an allergen restrict its use in poultry feed, even at a very low level of inclusion. Castor Cake is an excellent fertilizer because of high content of N (6.4%), Phosphoric Acid (2.55%) and Potash (1%) and moisture retention. There is negative correlation between the contents of ricinine in castor seeds and oil content (r = -0.76). This content of ricinine in castor seed is determined by Agro climatic conditions. Nutrient content of Castor Cake: Organic matter - 75 - 80 %, Nitrogen - 4.0 - 4.5 %, Phosphorous - 1.5 %, Potassium - 1.25 - 1.5 %. It also contains some micro nutrients viz., Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphur, Iron, Zinc, Manganese, Copper etc. A typical composition of castor residue/meal is as follows: Nitrogen - 4% min. approx. Phosphorous - 1% min. approx. Potassium - 1% min. approx. Moisture - 10 - 12 % max. approx. Oil Content - 0.7% max. approx. Advantages: 1. It provides all the major & minor nutrients necessary for better plant growth. 2. It also helps in increasing the nutrient uptake by plants. 3. It improves the soil fertility and productivity. 4. It is known to protect the plants from nematodes and termites. 5. It improves the yield & quality of the farm produce. 6. It improves the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil

Paprika is a spice made from the grinding of dried fruits of Capsicum annuum (e.g., bell peppers or chili peppers). In many European languages, the word paprika refers to bell peppers themselves. The seasoning is used in many cuisines to add color and flavor to dishes. Paprika can range from sweet (mild, not hot) to spicy (hot). Flavors also vary from country to country. Usage Paprika is used as an ingredient in a broad variety of dishes throughout the world. Paprika is principally used to season and color rices, stews, and soups, such as goulash, and in the preparation of sausages as an ingredient that is mixed with meats and other spices. Paprika can also be used with henna to bring a reddish tint to hair when coloring it. Paprika powder can be added to henna powder when prepared at home. Paprika is also high in other antioxidants, containing about 10% of the level found in berries. Prevalence of nutrients, however, must be balanced against quantities ingested, which are generally negligible for spices. Paprika oleoresin (also known as paprika extract) is an oil soluble extract from the fruits of Capsicum Annum Linn or Capsicum Frutescens(Indian red chillies), and is primarily used as a colouring and/or flavouring in food products. ... Oleoresin Paprika is produced by the extraction of lipids and pigments from the pods of sweet red pepper, Capsicum Annuum L. Grown in temperate climates. An oil soluble extract with it is widely used in processed foods such as sausage, dressings, dry soluble seasonings, food coatings, and snack food seasonings. Paprika Oleoresin, obtained from Capsicum, is a natural dye used as a colorant and a flavor enhancer in foods, meats and pharmaceuticals. It is obtained by percolation with a volatile solvent which should be removed subsequently, such as acetone, trichloroethylene, 2-propanol, methanol, ethanol and hexane. Capsaicin is the major flavouring compound, whereas capsanthin and capsorubin are major colouring compounds among variety of coloured compounds present in Paprika Oleoresin. Uses Foods coloured with paprika oleoresin include cheese, orange juice, spice mixtures, sauces, sweets and emulsified processed meats. In poultry feed it is used to deepen the colour of egg yolks.

Ginger root Botanical name: Zingiber officinale Linn. Family: Zingiberaceae. Ginger oil and oleoresins are the volatile oil derived by steam distillation of ginger and oleoresin. It is obtained by percolating the powdered rhizomes of Ginger, Zingiber officinale with volatile solvents. Ginger contains 1-2 percent of volatile oil, 5-8 percent of pungent acrid oleoresin and starch. Zingiberene is the chief constituent in the oil of ginger. Oil is employed for flavoring all kinds of food products and confectionary and finds limited use in perfumery. Oleoresin, commercially called Gingerin contains pungent principles viz. gingerol and shogaol apart from the volatile oil of ginger and is used as an aromatic, carminative, stomachic and as a stimulant. Oleoresin from ginger is obtained conventionally by extraction of dried powdered ginger with organic solvents like ethyl acetate, ethanol or acetone. Commercial dried ginger yields 3.5-10.0 per cent oleoresin. Ginger oleoresin is a dark brown viscous liquid responsible for the flavour and pungency of the spice. Ginger of commerce or `Adrak` is the dried underground stem or rhizome of the plant, which constitutes one of the five most important major spices of India, standing third or fourth, competing with chillies, depending upon fluctuations in world market prices, world market demand and supply position. Ginger, like cinnamon, clove and pepper, is one of the most important and oldest spices. It consists of the prepared and sun dried rhizomes known in trade as `hands` and `races` which are either with the outer brownish cortical layers (coated or unscraped), or with outer peel or coating partially or completely removed. Ginger requires a warm and humid climate. It is cultivated from sea level to an altitude of 1500 meters, either under heavy rainfall conditions of 150 to 300 cm or under irrigation. The crop can thrive well in sandy or clayey loam or lateritic soils. The composition of dry ginger is given below: Dry Ginger rootMoisture:6.9 % Protein:8.6 % Fat:6.4 % Fiber:5.9 % Carbohydrates:66.5 % Ash:5.7 % Calcium:0.1 % Phosphorous:.15 % Iron:0.011 % Sodium:0.03 % Potassium:1.4 % Vitamin A:175 I.U./100 g Vitamin B1:0.05 mg/100 g Vitamin B2:0.13 mg/100 g Niacin:1.9 mg/100 g Vitamin C:12.0 mg/100 g Calorific value:380 calories/100 g. Ginger Oleoresin is obtained by extraction of powdered dried ginger with suitable solvents like alcohol, acetone etc. Unlike volatile oil, it contains both the volatile oil and the non-volatile pungent principles for which ginger is so highly esteemed. Concentration of the acetone extract under vacuum and on complete removal of even traces of the solvent used, yields the so called oleoresin of ginger. Ginger oleoresin is manufactured on a commercial scale in India and abroad and is in great demand by the various food industries.

Capsicum Oleoresin is prepared by extracting the crushed capsicum (Capsicum Annum Linn) with volatile solvents by percolation method. It contains the pungent principles, capsicin not less that 8 percent. It also contains the red colouring matter called Capsanthin. This product is a powerful irritant and a carminative, which is also used as a counter irritant in lumbago and neuralgia. It can also be used to treat stomach ache that involves poorly functioning stomach muscles and as an antibacterial agents. Extraction of oleoresin capsicum from peppers involves finely ground capsicum, from which capsaicin is extracted in an organic solvent such as ethanol. The solvent is then evaporated, and the remaining wax like resin is the oleoresin capsicum. An emulsifier such as propylene glycol is used to suspend the OC in water, and pressurized to make it aerosol in pepper spray. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method is used to measure the amount of capsaicin within pepper sprays. Scoville Heat Units (SHU) are used to measure the concentration or "heat" of pepper spray. A synthetic analogue of capsaicin, pelargonic acid vanillylamide (desmethyldihydrocapsaicin), is used in another version of pepper spray known as PAVA spray which is used in the United Kingdom. Another synthetic counterpart of pepper spray, pelargonic acid morpholide, was developed and is widely used in Russia. Its effectiveness compared to natural pepper spray is unclear. Pepper spray typically comes in canisters, which are often small enough to be carried or concealed in a pocket or purse. Pepper spray can also be bought concealed in items such as rings. There are also pepper spray projectiles available, which can be fired from a paintball gun. It has been used for years against demonstrators. Derived from chilli peppers, oleoresin capsicum is the active ingredient in pepper spray and in some topical pain relievers.

Black Pepper Oleoresin Botanical: Piper nigrum Family: N.O. Piperaceae Hindi Name: Gol Mirch General Description: The best Pepper of commerce comes from Malabar. Pepper is mentioned by Roman writers in the fifth century. The plant can attain a height of 20 or more feet, but for commercial purposes it is restricted to 12 feet. The plant is propagated by cuttings and grown at the base of trees with a rough, prickly bark to support them. Between three or four years after planting they commence fruiting and their productiveness ends about the fifteenth year. The berries are collected as soon as they turn red and before they are quite ripe; they are then dried in the sun. Geographical Sources: Black pepper is native to Malabar, a region in the Western Coast of South India; part of the union state Kerala. It is also grown in Malaysia and Indonesia since about that time when it was found in the Malabar Coast. In the last decades of the 20th century, pepper production increased dramatically as new plantations were founded in Thailand, Vietnam, China and Sri Lanka. The most important producers are India and Indonesia, which together account for about 50% of the whole production volume History/Region of Origin: In South India wild, and in Cochin-China; also cultivated in East and West Indies, Malay Peninsula, Malay Archipelago, Siam, Malabar, etc. Varieties -> in trade, the pepper grades are identified by their origin. In India -> The most important Indian grades are Malabar and Tellicherry (Thalassery). The Malabar grade is regular black pepper with a slightly greenish hue, while Tellicherry is a special product. Both Indian black peppers, but especially the Telicherry grade, are very aromatic and pungent. In the past, Malabar pepper was also traded under names like Goa or Aleppi. Cochin is the pepper trade center in India. In South East Asia, the most reputated proveniences for black pepper are Sarawak in Malaysia and Lampong from Sumatra/Indonesia. Both produce small-fruited black pepper that takes on a greyish colour during storage; both have a less-developed aroma, but Lampong pepper is pretty hot. Sarawak pepper is mild and often described fruity. Description: Oleoresin Black Pepper is the natural extract of dried tender berries of Piper Nigrum Linn of family Piperaceae. Manufacturing Process: It is obtained by the solvent extraction of Black Pepper and the solvent traces are removed by distilling it in vacua at controlled temperature. Physical Appearance: It is a yellowish brown viscous liquid with pungent slightly biting aroma of Black Pepper.

Nutmeg and mace spice contains many plant-derived chemical compounds that are known to have been anti-oxidant, disease preventing, and health promoting properties. The spicy nut contains fixed oil trimyristin and many essential volatile oils such as which gives a sweet aromatic flavor to nutmeg such as myristicin, elemicin, eugenol and safrole. The other volatile-oils are pinene, camphene, dipentene, cineole, linalool, sabinene, safrole, terpeniol. The active principles in nutmeg have many therapeutic applications in many traditional medicines as anti-fungal, anti-depressant, aphrodisiac, digestive, and carminative functions. This spice is a good source of minerals like copper, potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, zinc and magnesium. Potassium is an important component of cell and body fluids that helps control heart rate and blood pressure. Manganese and copper are used by the body as co-factors for the antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase. Iron is essential for red blood cell production and as a co-factor for cytochrome oxidases enzymes. It is also rich in many vital B-complex vitamins, including vitamin C, folic acid, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin A and many flavonoid anti-oxidants like beta-carotene and cryptoxanthin that are essential for optimum health.

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a woody, perennial herb with fragrant evergreen needle-like leaves. It is native to the Mediterranean region. It is a member of the mint family Lamiaceae, which also includes many other herbs. The name rosemary derives from the Latin name rosmarinus, which is from "dew" (ros) and "sea" (marinus), or "dew of the sea" — apparently because it is frequently found growing near the sea. Description Forms range from upright to trailing; the upright forms can reach 1.5 m (5 ft) tall, rarely 2 m (6 ft 7 in). The leaves are evergreen, 2/4 cm (0.8/1.6 in) long and 2/5 mm broad, green above, and white below with dense short woolly hair. Flowering, very common in a mature and healthy specimen, blooms in summer in the north; but can be everblooming in warm-winter climates and is variable in color, being white, pink, purple, or blue. The rosemary plant is light blue and blooms from March to May. For most tonics and recipes the rosemary leaves are use more often than the flowers or the rest of the plant. Rosemary is a bushy type of evergreen that can grow six feet or higher. The tree contains leaves that are stiff and leathery.

Long pepper, also known as the Indian long pepper, is a herb that prominently features in Ayurvedic medicine, also popularly used as a spice and in seasoning mixes. The botanical name for this herb is Piper longum, and it is known to contain a chemical known as piperine, which helps fight parasites and other infectious agents. The many health benefits of long pepper: Long pepper forms an important part of our ancient Indian medicine-Ayurveda, and is thought to hold good therapeutic properties. Research has specified the use of this herb for 3 major health conditions described below- Diabetes: Diabetes is the leading cause of concern for individuals around the world. Thankfully, long pepper has been found to reduce blood glucose levels in diabetic patients and prevent other complications associated with the disorder. Liver ailments: Due to our dependency on processed foods, our internal organs, including the liver, tend to become weak, and more and more people are now suffering from liver ailments. Long pepper, known to possess liver-protective functions, may help the body manage liver toxicity, and may also prevent jaundice. Bacterial infections: In a developing country like India, where lack of sanitation and cleanliness forms an important reason for many bacterial infections, long pepper could be beneficial as a simple home remedy. It is thought that the root and the fruit may possess anti-amoebic activity. Apart from these specific health benefits, long pepper is also believed to help patients suffering from the following health problems- - Stroke - Fever - Stomach ache - Asthma

Sweet marjoram: Origanum (O) hortensis (orMajoranahortensis). Potmarjoram: O.onites Wildmajoram: O.vulgare. Syrian majoram is called zatar Family: Labiatae or Lamiaceae (mint family). In Europe, marjoram was a traditional symbol of youth and romantic love. Used by Romans as an aphrodisiac, it was used to cast love spells and was worn at weddings as a sign of happiness during the middle Ages. Greeks who wore marjoram wreaths at weddings called it “joy of the mountains.” It was used to brew beer before hops was discovered, and flavored a wine called hippocras. A cousin of the oregano family, marjoram originated in Mediterranean regions and is now a commonly used spice in many parts of Europe. Called zatar in the Middle east and often mistaken for oregano, it is also a popular spicing in Eastern Europe. Origin and Varieties Marjoram is indigenous to northern Africa and southwest Asia. It is cultivated around the Mediterranean, in England, Central and Eastern Europe, South America, the United States, and India. Description Marjoram leaf is used fresh, as whole or chopped, and dried whole or broken, and ground. The flowering tops and seeds, which are not as strong as the leaves, are also used as flavorings. Sweet marjoram is a small and oval-shaped leaf. It is light green with a greyish tint. Marjoram is fresh, spicy, bitter, and slightly pungent with camphor like notes. It has the fragrant herbaceous and delicate, sweet aroma of thyme and sweet basil. Pot marjoram is bitter and less sweet. Chemical Components Sweet marjoram has 0.3% to 1% essential oil, mostly monoterpenes. It is yellowish to dark greenish brown in color. It mainly consists of cis-sabinene hydrate (8% to 40%), -terpinene (10%), a-terpinene (7.6%), linalyl acetate (2.2%), terpinen 4-ol (18% to 48%), myrcene (1.0%), linalool (9% to 39%), -cymene (3.2%), caryophyllene (2.6%), and a-terpineol (7.6%). Its flavor varies widely depending on its origins. The Indian and Turkish sweet marjorams have more d-linalool, caryophyllene, carvacrol, and eugenol. Its oleoresin is dark green, and 2.5 lb. are equivalent to 100 lb. of freshly ground marjoram. Marjoram contains calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, vitamin A, vitamin C, and niacin. Culinary uses of Marjoram Marjoram is typically used in European cooking and is added to fish sauces, clam chowder, butter-based sauces, salads, tomato-based sauces, vinegar, mushroom sauces, and eggplant. In Germany, marjoram is called the “sausage herb” and is used with thyme and other spices in different types of sausages. It is usually added at the end of cooking to retain its delicate flavor or as a garnish. It goes well with vegetables including cabbages, potatoes, and beans. The seeds are used to flavor confectionary and meat products.