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BOF SLAG: Basic oxygen furnace About 100 ? 200 kg of BOF slag is generated per ton of liquid steel. This material is often used in projects like road construction, but this route provides little energy efficiency gains. Steel slag can also be used in the cement clinker manufacturing process. The result is an increase in clinker production of up to 15% with no net increase in CO2 emissions. Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag has increased skid resistance and high level of strength (described by the impact- and crushing value) compared to natural rocks (e.g. basalt) and thus makes it an ideal aggregate for road constructions and surface layers for high skid resistance. Other fields of application are the production of fertilizers or the use of armour stones for hydraulic engineering.
1. Excavators are important and widely used equipment in construction industry. Their general purpose is to excavation but other than that they are also used for many purposes like heavy lifting, demolition, river dredging, cutting of trees etc. 2. Backhoe is another widely used equipment which is suitable for multiple purposes. This is well useful for excavating trenches below the machine level and using front bucket loading, unloading and lifting of materials can be done. 3. Dragline excavator is another heavy equipment used in construction which is generally used for larger depth excavations. For the construction of ports, for excavations under water, sediment removal in water bodies etc. can be done by dragline excavator. 4. Bulldozers are another type of soil excavating equipment which are used to remove the topsoil layer up to particular depth. These are widely used for the removal of weak soil or rock strata, lifting of soil etc. 5. Pile Driving Equipment. Another heavy equipment used in construction site is pile driving equipment in case of pile foundation construction. 6. Pile boring equipment is used to make bore holes in the construction site to install precast piles. 7. Dump trucks are used in construction sites, generally, in big construction site, off-road dump trucks are used. 8. Feller buncher is tree cutting heavy equipment used to remove large trees in the construction field. 9. Telehandlers are hoisting equipment used in construction to lift heavy materials up to required height or to provide construction platform for workers at greater heights etc. 10. Compactors or Rollers are used to compact the material or earth surface. Different types of compactors are available for different compacting purposes. 11. Paver or Asphalt paver is pavement laying equipment which is used in road construction. 12. Tower cranes are fixed cranes which are used for hoisting purposes in construction of tall structures. Heavy materials like pre-stressed concrete blocks, steel trusses, frames etc. can be easily lifted to required height using this type of equipment. 13. Wheel Tractor Scrapers are earth moving equipment used to provide flatten soil surface through scrapping. 14. Graders also called as motor graders are another type of equipment used in construction especially for the construction of roads. It is mainly used to level the soil surface. 15. Trenchers or Trenching machines are used to excavate trenches in soil. These trenches are generally used for pipeline laying, cable laying, drainage purposes etc. Both types of trenchers are available in tracked as well as wheeled vehicle forms. 16. Loaders are used in construction site to load the material onto dumpers, trucks etc. The materials may be excavated soil, demolition waste, raw materials, etc. A loader contain large sized bucket at its front with shorter moving arm.
