Furnace oil, also known as fuel oil or heating oil, is a heavy petroleum-based product primarily used in industrial furnaces and boilers to generate heat. It's a residual product obtained after refining crude oil, making it one of the heavier products from the distillation process. Primary Characteristics: Appearance: Viscous liquid, typically dark brown or black. Odor: Distinctive petroleum-based aroma. Density: Heavier compared to light distillates like gasoline and diesel. Sulfur Content: Can vary, but certain grades have a high sulfur content. Specifications: The quality and grade of furnace oil are often specified by standards such as ISO or regional standards. It's typically classified by its viscosity and sulfur content. Applications: Industrial Heating: Used in large furnaces, kilns, and boilers in various industries. Power Generation: Some power plants operate on furnace oil, especially during peak demand or when other fuels are unavailable. Marine: Older ships and certain marine vessels use furnace oil as a bunker fuel. Advantages: Cost-Effective: Often cheaper than other fuel types, especially in regions with abundant refineries. High Energy Content: Its dense nature means it carries a significant amount of energy per unit. Availability: Commonly available due to the vast global crude oil refining processes.
Light Cycle Oil (LCO) is a secondary liquid product derived from the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process in refineries. This process breaks down larger hydrocarbon molecules from heavy gas oils into smaller, more valuable products like gasoline and diesel. LCO typically sits between diesel and heavy gas oil in terms of boiling range and weight. Primary Characteristics: Appearance: Typically amber to dark brown liquid. Odor: Characteristic petroleum smell. Density: Intermediate, falling between lighter distillates and heavier oils. Sulfur Content: Can vary based on the feedstock and refining process, but often higher than diesel and gasoline. Applications: Blending Component: Frequently blended into diesel fuel to enhance volume, though this requires treating to meet emissions standards. Feedstock: Used in hydrocracking and other refining processes to produce more valuable products, such as gasoline or diesel. Industrial Burning: Some industries utilize LCO as a combustion fuel, though this is less common due to its higher sulfur content and potential emissions. Advantages: Versatility: Can be further processed or blended to meet various fuel product needs. Economic Value: Provides an additional stream of revenue from the FCC process, maximizing the yield of a refinery. Feedstock Potential: Offers refineries another option for producing lighter, more desirable products.
Rice IR64 5% is a type of long-grain white rice that is grown primarily in India. Here are some of the general specifications for Rice IR64 5%: Broken grains: 5% maximum Moisture content: 14% maximum Foreign matter: 0.1% maximum Chalky kernels: 6% maximum Red and/or red-streaked kernels: 2% maximum Milling degree: Well-milled Grain length: 6.0 mm minimum Grain width: 2.0 mm minimum Color: White Rice IR64 5% is a versatile type of rice that can be used in a variety of dishes, both savory and sweet. It is commonly used in Indian and Southeast Asian cuisine, as well as in dishes from other parts of the world. It has a long, slender grain and a slightly nutty flavor, and it can be cooked in a variety of ways, such as boiling, steaming, or frying. Rice IR64 5% is often used in the production of rice flour, which is a common ingredient in gluten-free baking. It can also be used as a base for dishes such as rice pilaf, stir-fries, and rice salads. Additionally, it can be used to make rice pudding or other sweet dishes.
Protein content of 12.5%, Minimum test weight of 77 kg/hl Maximum moisture content of 14% Minimum wet gluten content of 25% Minimum W number of 180 Minimum Hagberg Falling Number of 250 seconds Maximum bug damageof 1.8% Maximum foreign matter content of 2% Wheat 12.5% protein is a type of wheat that is classified based on its protein content. Protein content in wheat is important because it affects the quality of the flour produced from the wheat. The protein content determines the gluten content, which is responsible for the elasticity and structure of dough when making bread or other baked goods. Wheat 12.5% protein is considered a high protein wheat, with a protein content of 12.5% of the weight of the wheat kernel. This is a desirable protein content for making bread because it produces a strong and elastic dough that can hold air pockets during the fermentation process, resulting in a light and fluffy texture. The protein content of wheat can vary depending on the variety of wheat, the growing conditions, and the location where it is grown. Other common protein levels for wheat include 11% and 14% protein content. Farmers and buyers often use protein content as a key factor in determining the price of wheat, as higher protein levels are generally more desirable for certain baking applications.
Gasoil, often referred to as diesel oil or simply diesel, is a middle distillate derived from the crude oil refining process. It possesses properties between those of lighter fuels like gasoline and heavier fuels like lubricating oil. Gasoil is used as both a fuel and a processing element in various industries. Primary Characteristics: Appearance: Clear to slightly hazy, ranging in color from light straw to amber. Odor: Characteristic petroleum smell. Density: Varies based on specific grade and blend but generally denser than gasoline. Cetane Number: Indicator of the combustion speed of diesel fuel and compression needed for ignition. Specifications: Gasoilâ??s quality and classification often adhere to standards set by organizations such as ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) or equivalent regional standards. Variations include Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD), Low Sulfur Diesel, and others. Applications: Automotive: Fuel for diesel-engine vehicles, such as trucks, buses, and cars. Industrial: Used in various industrial machines and engines, including generators. Marine: Fuel for certain types of marine vessels. Heating: Used in some regions as heating oil for homes and businesses. Power Generation: Fuel for diesel-powered electricity generators. Advantages: Energy Dense: Provides more energy per gallon compared to gasoline, leading to longer fuel economy in diesel engines. Efficient: Diesel engines often convert fuel to energy more efficiently than their gasoline counterparts. Reliable: Known for its durability and reliability in heavy-duty applications.
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