Microsilica (silica fume) is a byproduct from silicon metal or ferrosilicon industries,is an amorphous silicon dioxide â?? SiO2 which is generated as a gas in submerged electrical arc furnaces during the reduction of very pure quartz. As the molten metal is produced, a silica-based gas is emitted. This gaseous fume, as it rises, cools rapidly and forms extremely minute,Amorphous, spherical particles. The microsilica is collected in a bag house, a system for filtering the hot air and gases vented from the furnace. This gas vapor is condensed in bag house collectors as very fine powder of spherical particles that average 0.1 to 0.3 microns in diameter with a surface area of 17 to 30 m2/g.
Microsilica can be used in concrete and refractory materials. Microsilica ,when used in concrete, it can improve concreteâ??s properties such as compressive strength, bond strength and abrasion resistance, reduces permeability,and therefore helps in protecting reinforcing steel from corrosion. At the same time, Microslica can still be used in the procustion of refractory and porcelain, to raise intensity and durability, it also can be used in paint, coating resin rubber and other high molecular as a filler material to improve the material overall performance.
Petroleum Coke (Petcoke) is a carbonaceous solid material derived from oil refinery coker units or other cracking processes. It is a byproduct of the oil refining process, specifically from the thermal decomposition of heavy residual oils. Heres a detailed description:
1. Composition: Primarily composed of carbon (90-95%).Contains small amounts of sulfur, nitrogen, and metals (e.g., vanadium, nickel).Low in ash content compared to coal.
2. Types of Petroleum Coke: Fuel-grade Petcoke: Used as a fuel in power plants, cement kilns, and industrial boilers due to its high calorific value. Calcined Petcoke: Produced by heating raw petroleum coke to remove volatile matter and moisture and used in the production of anodes for the aluminum and steel industries.
3. Physical Properties: Appearance: Black or dark gray solid.Texture: Can range from a porous, sponge-like material to a hard, dense substance. Density: Varies depending on the type (fuel-grade or calcined).
Petroleum coke is a valuable industrial material, but its use must be balanced with environmental considerations to minimize its impact.
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