Mono-ethylene glycol - or MEG - is a vital ingredient for the production of polyester fibres and film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resins and engine coolants.
End uses for MEG range from clothing and other textiles, through packaging to kitchenware, engine coolants and antifreeze. Polyester and fleece fabrics, upholstery, carpets and pillows, as well as light and sturdy polyethylene terephthalate drink and food containers originate from ethylene glycol. The humectant (water attracting) properties of MEG products also make them ideal for use in fibres treatment, paper, adhesives, printing inks, leather and cellophane.
MEG is a colourless, odourless liquid with a syrup-like consistency.
55% of MEG is used to make polyester fibres. 25% of MEG is used in polyethylene terephthalate - or PET - packaging and bottles.
Crude oil flowing from wells contain fair amount (often 20-30%, sometimes up to 60-65%) of water with dissolved salts from basis point up to 1-2%. This significantly increases viscosity of crude oil, generates stable emulsion and makes the oil inadequate for refining and transportation. Water produced together with oil is usually in very unusual state, i.e. it is spread in oil in the form of droplets (emulsified form). Less the size of droplets, more stable the emulsion. One of the main reasons of emulsion stability is also the presence of resin, pyrobitumen, paraffin, and other oil admixtures like glycerine, microcrystal of paraffin, ceresin in crude oil. These substances generate quite firm and thick (protective films) on the surface of water and solid particles thus preventing merging of water drops and solid particles and their spontaneous segregation from oil. At present physical, thermal, physico-chemical, electrical and combined methods of oil emulsion breaking are used for oil dehydration and oil desalting. One of the widelyused and most effective methods is physicochemical combined method using chemical reagents demulsifiers. Demulsifiers are substances with high surface activity. They are concentrated in interfacial areas of oil emulsion, break protective films covering solid particles, water droplets and neutralise their electric charges. After this, small droplets will merge into bigger drops under the influence of mutual attraction, loosen and segregated from oil.Oil demulsifying is carried out in oil field and oil refinery plants.
At present “KARVAN-L” company tries to provide integrated work cycle: – development production supply and implementation of produced demulsifiers together with consumer. Demulsifier Karvan-200 is designed for oil dehydration and desalting in gathering system and oil treatment plant. Reagent can also inhibit corrosion processes.Demulsifier Karvan-201 is designed for separation of both light and heavy crude emulsion. This reagent is the composition of macroglycols and nitrogen-bearing surfactants in organic solvent environment
Demulsifier discharge per 1 ton crude is 10-60gr. Dosage depends on emulsion stability, treatment temperature, water separation period and desired depth of oil processing. Optimum dosage and demulsifier application process ensuring necessary results can only be defined as per test results carried out in practical use sites.
