Raisin.
Gum Arabic Powder.
Mono-ethylene glycol - or MEG - is a vital ingredient for the production of polyester fibres and film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resins and engine coolants. End uses for MEG range from clothing and other textiles, through packaging to kitchenware, engine coolants and antifreeze. Polyester and fleece fabrics, upholstery, carpets and pillows, as well as light and sturdy polyethylene terephthalate drink and food containers originate from ethylene glycol. The humectant (water attracting) properties of MEG products also make them ideal for use in fibres treatment, paper, adhesives, printing inks, leather and cellophane. MEG is a colourless, odourless liquid with a syrup-like consistency. 55% of MEG is used to make polyester fibres. 25% of MEG is used in polyethylene terephthalate - or PET - packaging and bottles.
Crude oil flowing from wells contain fair amount (often 20-30%, sometimes up to 60-65%) of water with dissolved salts from basis point up to 1-2%. This significantly increases viscosity of crude oil, generates stable emulsion and makes the oil inadequate for refining and transportation. Water produced together with oil is usually in very unusual state, i.e. it is spread in oil in the form of droplets (emulsified form). Less the size of droplets, more stable the emulsion. One of the main reasons of emulsion stability is also the presence of resin, pyrobitumen, paraffin, and other oil admixtures like glycerine, microcrystal of paraffin, ceresin in crude oil. These substances generate quite firm and thick (protective films) on the surface of water and solid particles thus preventing merging of water drops and solid particles and their spontaneous segregation from oil. At present physical, thermal, physico-chemical, electrical and combined methods of oil emulsion breaking are used for oil dehydration and oil desalting. One of the widelyused and most effective methods is physicochemical combined method using chemical reagents demulsifiers. Demulsifiers are substances with high surface activity. They are concentrated in interfacial areas of oil emulsion, break protective films covering solid particles, water droplets and neutralise their electric charges. After this, small droplets will merge into bigger drops under the influence of mutual attraction, loosen and segregated from oil.Oil demulsifying is carried out in oil field and oil refinery plants. At present “KARVAN-L” company tries to provide integrated work cycle: – development production supply and implementation of produced demulsifiers together with consumer. Demulsifier Karvan-200 is designed for oil dehydration and desalting in gathering system and oil treatment plant. Reagent can also inhibit corrosion processes.Demulsifier Karvan-201 is designed for separation of both light and heavy crude emulsion. This reagent is the composition of macroglycols and nitrogen-bearing surfactants in organic solvent environment Demulsifier discharge per 1 ton crude is 10-60gr. Dosage depends on emulsion stability, treatment temperature, water separation period and desired depth of oil processing. Optimum dosage and demulsifier application process ensuring necessary results can only be defined as per test results carried out in practical use sites.
1 Butadiene 1-3, Crude C4, Butene -1 2 Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) 3 Iso-butane (iC4) 4 Ammonia 5 Phtalic - Anhydride 6 Melamine Crystal 7 Methanol 8 Paraxylene 9 Orthoxlyene 10 Mixed Xylene 11 Urea 12 Monoethylene Glycol (MEG) 13 Diethylene Glycol (DEG) 14 Anti-freeze 15 Monopropylene Glycol (Chemical Grade) â?? (MPG) 16 Sodium hypochlorite 17 Caustic soda 18 Paraffin 19 Petroleum jelly (Vaseline) 20 Formaldehyde (formalin) 21 Etoxylated alchole 7 mol 22 PEG 400 Chemical Grade 23 SLES 70 24 LABSA 25 Betaein 26 Oleic Acid 27 Loramide 29 Carbon Black 30 Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) 31 Secondary Butyl Alcohol 32 Toulene Diisocyanate (TDI) 33 Methyl Diisocyanate (MDI) 34 Nitric Acid 35 Chloridric Acid 36 Styrene Monomer 37 Phosphoric acid 38 Sulfuric Acid 39 Diammonium Phosphate 40 Granular Sulfur 41 Ammonium Sulphate 42 Dioctyl Phthalate (DOP) 44 Isobutyl Acetate 45 Triacetin 46 Diethyl Ether 47 Sodium Sulfite 48 Lacquer Nitrocellulose 49 Methyl Acetate 50 N-Butyl Acetate 52 Sodium Metoxide 53 Nitrodor 54 Nitrocellulose (Type A) 55 Diethyl Phthalate 56 Dioctyl Adipate 57 Dioctyl Terephthalate 58 Dioctyl Sebacate 59 Dibutyl Phthalate 60 Dimethyl phthalate 61 Phosphoric Acid 62 Di Calcium Phosphate 63 Phenyl Acetic Acid 64 Ammonium Nitrate Sulfate 65 Diisobutyl Phthalate 66 Sodium Nitrite 67 Acetyl Tri Butyl Citrate 68 Acetyl Tri Ethyl Citrate 69 Ethyl Acetate 70 Ethyl Cellulose 71 Cellulose acetate 72 Hydrogen Peroxide 73 Ethanol 74 Butyl Acetate 75 Linear Alkyl Benzene(LAB) 76 Heavy Alkylate(HAB) 77 Normal-Paraffin(NP) 78 Alkyd Resin 79 Unsaturated polyester Resin 80 Phenolic Resin 81 Bakelite 82 Fatty Acid 83 Solid Epoxy Resin 84 Furani Resin 85 Amino Resin 86 Vinyl Ester Resin 87 Saturated Polyester Resin 88 SB Acrylic Resin 89 Emulsion 90 Morpholine 91 N-formyl morpholine 92 Amino imidazoline 93 Amido imidazoline 94 Triazine 95 Carboxylic acid 96 Maleic Anhydride 97 Sodium Metabisulfite 98 Sodium Sulfite 99 Catalyzed Sodium Sulfite
