Dimethyl sulfoxide (referred to as DMSO) is a sulfur-containing organic compound, the English Dimethylsulfoxide, the molecular formula is (CH3) 2SO, is a colorless, odorless and transparent liquid at room temperature, a hygroscopic flammable liquid, and has both high polarity. , high boiling point, aprotic, miscible with water, extremely low toxicity, good thermal stability, immiscible with alkanes, soluble in most organic substances such as water, ethanol, propanol, ether, benzene , known as It is Universal Chemicalbook Solvent. It is one of the most commonly used organic solvents with the strongest solubility. It can dissolve most organic matter, including carbohydrates, polymers, peptides, and many inorganic salts and gases. It can dissolve 50-60% of its own weight of solute (other general solvents can only dissolve 10-20%), so it is very important in sample management and high-speed drug screening. Under certain conditions, an explosive reaction can occur when dimethyl sulfoxide comes into contact with the acid chloride.
1, 4-butanediol is widely used. In the more than half is used to produce tetrahydrofuran, followed by -butyrolactone and polyethylene terephthalate, a rapidly developing engineering plastic; 1, 4-butanediol is used as a chain enhancer and polyester raw material to produce polyurethane elastomers and soft polyurethane foams; The esters obtained from 1, 4-butanediol are good Chemicalbook plasticizers for cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylates and polyesters. 1, 4-butanediol has good moisture absorption and flexibility, can be used as gelatin softener and water absorbent, cellophane and other unused paper treatment agent. It can also prepare N-methylpyrrolidone, N-vinylpyrrolidone and other pyrrolidone derivatives, and is also used for the preparation of vitamin B6, pesticides, herbicides and solvents acting on a variety of processes, plasticizers, lubricants, humidifiers, softness, adhesives and brighteners in the electroplating industry.
The aqueous solution of xylitol has good stability to heat, which is an ideal sweetener for making health drinks suitable for diabetic patients. It is also a food sweetener allowed by GB2760-1996 of our country. It can replace glucose and fructose as the Chemicalbook energy of the body, and is also an important substance for the synthesis of nucleic acid and detoxification in the body. Because diabetic patients have insufficient insul secretion, glucose cannot be converted into glucose 6-phosphate, and xylitol metabolism is independent of insu so it does not increase blood glucose values in diabetic patients.
Xylitol also has the special function of inhibiting the production of ketone bodies, which can reduce transaminase in patients with liver disease, enhance liver function, and promote fat metabolism. The oral absorption of this product varies greatly among individuals, which may be related to intestinal bacteria, contents and genetic factors. It is almost entirely metabolized in the body and rarely excreted in its original form in the urine. It is clinically used to supplement calories and body fluids when insuliis insufficient in the body, improve glucose metabolism, and eliminate ketoacidosis. It is an effective regulator of metabolic disorders in diabetes. It has no obvious effect on the liver and kidney at conventional doses, but can cause osmotic diarrhea and water imbalance when ingested in large quantities. Xylitol should be consumed less than 50 to 70 g per day. Xylitol can be used in the processing of condiments, beverages, jams, candies, pastries, etc. Because yeast and bacteria cannot use it, it can be used as a sweetener to prevent dental caries and has antiseptic effects.
As a functional sweetener, xylitol is mainly used to prevent dental caries in candies (such as chewing gum, fructose, chocolate and soft candy, etc.) and special food for diabetic patients, and is also used in pharmaceuticals and dental cleaning products. In addition, xylitol can be used as a maceration solution instead of glucose.
3, 8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzoic [B,D] pyran-6-one is also known as urolithin A. Studies have reported that A substance in pomegranates and other fruits called Urolithin A may help slow down the chemicalbookspecific aging process by improving the function of mitochondria in cells; Furthermore, there is no risk to human health from ingestion of this compound. It has been shown that urolycitin A stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis in a manner similar to regular exercise and is the only compound that reconstitutes cellular recycling of defective mitochondria.
Urolithin A, the gut microbial metabolite of ellagic acid, has anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and anti-oxidative properties. Urolithin A induces autophagy and apoptosis, inhibits cell cycle progression, and inhibits DNA synthesis.
It is used in the manufacture of bleaching powder, hard water softener and tap water disinfection and clarification agent and in the construction industry. It is used in pharmaceuticals.
It can be used as an additive in rubber and petroleum industries, and can be used in lubricating oil to prevent coking, sludge deposition, neutralization and anti-corrosion.
It can also be used as a hard Chemicalbook water softener, disinfectant, antacid, etc.
Used as analytical reagent, carbon dioxide absorber, also used in organic synthesis
Used to make bleaching powder, hard water softener, depilatory, disinfectant, antiacid, astringent and various calcium salts
Colorless to light yellow oily liquid. Sweet orange and balsam. The boiling point of 167 C. Flash point 37.2 C. "Soluble in ethanol, ether, glacial acetic acid, and most non-volatile oils, insoluble in water." Natural products are found in bay leaf oil, hops oil and verbena oil, among others.Hydrocarbon synthetic fragrances. It is mainly used in cologne and deodorant. It is also an important raw material for the synthesis of terpene synthetic spices.Used in the synthesis of spices
Avermectin is a hexadecyl macrolide compound with insecticidal, acaricidal and nematicidal activities, which was first developed by Tomo Omura et al., Kitasichi University, Japan and Merck Company, USA. It is produced by Streptomycesavermitilis. Naturally occurring avermectin contained eight components, four of which were A1a, A2a, B1a and B2a, and the total content was more than 80%. The corresponding four homologues with smaller proportions were A1bChemicalbook, A2b, B1b, and B2b, whose total content was â?¤20%. At present, the commercial avermectin pesticide is based on abamectin as the main insecticidal ingredient (avermectin B1a+B1b, in which B1a is not less than 90% and B1b is not more than 5%), and it is calibrated by the content of B1a. Since abamectin entered the pesticide market in 1991, avermectin pesticide has played an important role in the pest control system in China.
