Penetration Grade Comments 40 - 50 Hardest grade. 60 - 70 Typical grades used in the U.S. 85 - 100 120 - 150 200 - 300 Softest grade. Used for cold climates such as northern Canada Penetration Grade Bitumen Specification (AASHTO M 20 and ASTM D 946) Units 40/50 60/70 80/100 100/120 Test Methods Specific Gravity @25 C - 1.01-1.06 1.01-1.06 1.01-1.05 1.01-1.04 ASTM D-70 Penetration @25 C, 100gm, 5sec 0.1MM 40-50 60-70 80-100 100-120 ASTM D-5 Softening Point, Ring & Ball C 52-60 49-56 45-52 42-49 ASTM D-36 Ductility @25 C, after TFOT, Min CM 100 100 100 100 ASTM D-113 Loss on Heating, Max %Wt 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 ASTM D-6 Drop in Penetration after Heating, Max % 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 ASTM D-6 & D-5 Flash Point Cleveland open cup, Min C 250.0 250.0 232.0 250.0 ASTM D-92 Solubility in CS2, Min %Wt 99.5 99.5 99.5 99.5 ASTM D-4 Organic Matter Insoluble in CS2, Max %Wt 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 ASTM D-4 Sport Test - Negative Negative Negative Negative *A.A.S.H.O.T.102 Viscosity Grade Standard Grading based on Original Asphalt (AC) Grading based on Aged Residue (AR) AASHTO M 226 AC-2.5 AC-5 AC-10 AC-20 AC-30 AC-40 AR-10 AR-20 AR-40 AR-80 AR-160 ASTM D 3381 AC-2.5 AC-5 AC-10 AC-20 AC-30 AC-40 AR-1000 AR-2000 AR-4000 AR-8000 AR-16000 Standard Grades Minimum of Absolute Viscosity, Poise@ 600�°C Approximate penetration grade IS73:2013 VG 10 800 80-100 VG 20 1600 - VG 30 2400 60-70 VG 40 3200 30-40/40-50 Viscocity grade over penetration grade several key issues are addressed, like: Viscosity Grade Bitumen Specification (IS 73:2013) Property Units VG-10 VG-20 VG-30 VG-40 Test Methods Penetration at 25�°C, 100g, 5sec, Min 0.1MM 80 60 45 35 IS 1203 Absolute viscosity at 60�°C P 800-1200 1600-2400 2400-3600 3200-4800 IS 1206 (Part 2) Kinematic viscosity at 135�°C, Min cSt 250 300 350 400 IS 1206 (Part 3) Flash point (Cleveland open cup), Min �°C 220 220 220 220 IS 1448 [P : 69] Solubility in trichloroethylene, Min %Wt 99 99 99 99 IS 1216 Softening point (R&B), Min �°C 40 45 47 50 IS 1205 Tests on residue from thin film oven test: - Viscosity ratio at 60�°C, Max 4 4 4 4 IS 1206 (Part 2) - Ductility at 25�°C, Min CM 75 50 40 25 IS 1208