Petroleum coke, often abbreviated as petcoke, is a byproduct of the oil refining process. It is produced when heavy crude oil undergoes a distillation process that separates it into various components like gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. During this process, residual oil is left behind, which is then further refined to produce petroleum coke. Petroleum coke is primarily used as a fuel source and in the production of anodes for aluminum smelting. It is known for its high carbon content, making it an efficient and cost-effective fuel for power generation and industrial processes. There are two main types of petroleum coke: calcined and green coke. Calcined petroleum coke has been heat-treated to drive off volatile substances and impurities, while green coke is typically used as a fuel source in industrial applications without undergoing calcination. Pet coke represents a valuable secondary product that can be exported to markets where it is in demand, such as in the aluminum and steel industries. Its usage as a fuel also makes it relevant for energy markets, particularly in regions where there is a need for affordable and reliable sources of industrial fuel. Origin: Kazakhstan / Russia.